Accumulation of advanced glycation end products of the Maillard reaction with age in human hippocampal neurons

Ageing and the brain

“…Engagement of AGEs with the receptor (RAGE) can result in oxidant stress, and by directly affecting proteins AGEs can alter the shape and interfere with the function of proteins. AGEs have been reported to accumulate with age in many tissues, including the brain [51,52]. There are enzymes (glyoxalases) that provide protection against glycation.…”

<i>N^&omega;</i>-(carboxymethyl)arginine Accumulates in Glycated Collagen and Klotho-deficient Mouse Skin

“…AGE levels increase with aging 2,3) , diabetic complications [4][5][6][7][8] , and atherosclerosis [9][10][11] . We previously demonstrated that GA-pyridine, which is generated from the myeloperoxidase system in activated leukocytes, accumulates in the cytoplasm of foam cells and extracellularly in the central region of atheromas in human atherosclerotic lesions.…”

“…Its level reflects the extent of tissue damage associated with agerelated diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and chronic renal failure 15) . Plasma pentosidine levels increase , Midori Kubota 1) , Makiko Yoshitomi 2) , Kyoko Takagi 3) , Kazuma Suda 3) , Katsumi Mera 2) , Yukio Fujiwara 2) , Ryoji Nagai 1) in kidney failure 16) . N ω -carboxymethylarginine (CMA) (Fig.…”

N.EPSILON.-(Carboxymethyl)lysine Proliferated CD34+ Cells from Rat Choroidal Explant in Culture

“…AGE structures include fluorescent and cross-linking structures such as pentosidine 10) and crossline, 11) as well as nonfluorescent and noncross-linked structures such as imidazolone, 12,13) N e -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) 14) and pyrraline. 15) Immunological studies using a monoclonal anti-CML antibody (6D12) 16) as well as other anti-AGE antibodies have demonstrated the accumulation of AGE-modified proteins in several human and animal tissues during aging [17][18][19] and various disease states including AMD and diabetic retinopathy. 20,21) In addition, glycated sera in the early stages of spontaneously diabetic GK and STZ-diabetic Wistar rats modify the activity of macrophage to release growth factors selectively.…”