Accumulation of cis and trans chlordane by channel catfish during dietary exposure

Murphy, Deirdre L.; Gooch, Jay W.

doi:10.1007/bf00212493

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…1999), we expected an enhanced accumulation of toxaphene in the lipid phase of the trout tissue after 13.5 months. The finding that only the fat content increased considerably but not the toxaphene concentration in the lipid, does not correspond to the results reported by Murphy & Gooch (1995), who found a linear relationship between increasing concentrations of chlordane isomers in the diet and concentrations in the muscle tissue. On the other hand, Gobas et al .…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, bioconcentration factors of toxaphene congeners have been estimated in fish (Geyer et al . 1999) but little is known about transfer and carry‐over rates of toxaphene and chlordane congeners via feed in aquaculture (Murphy & Gooch 1995). Most lipophilic contaminants are known to have a high accumulation potential via water and a significantly lower via feed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transfer of toxaphene and chlordane into farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) via feed

Haßler

Kuhlmann

Oetjen

2002

Aquaculture Research

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The study was carried out to quantitate the transfer of toxaphene and chlordane compounds from commercial fish feed into the edible part of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) under normal rearing conditions. Trout were fed with unspiked high energy feed for salmon (fat content 26–30%) over a period of 19 months. The average weight of trout increased from 10 g to more than 2092 g, reaching sizes of 51 cm length. Considerable amounts of toxaphene and chlordane residues were transferred from fish feed into trout muscle. Toxaphene concentrations increased up to 8.6 µg (Σ toxaphene indicator compounds 1–3) kg−1 wet weight (w.w.) and chlordane reached 5.3 µg Σoxy‐, trans‐, cis‐chlordane + t‐nonachlor kg−1 w.w. Results are also discussed on the contaminant levels based on the fat content and the effect of sexual maturation is considered in this study. The data allow the establishment of transfer rates for toxaphene and chlordane congeners from high energy diet into the edible part of farmed rainbow trout.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of toxaphene and chlordane into farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) via feed

Haßler

Kuhlmann

Oetjen

2002

Aquaculture Research

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“…Furthermore, it was not surprising that trans nonachlor dominated the chlordanes detected, as this compound is considered the most bioaccumulative of the chlordanes in fish tissues, often exceeding human health recommendations for consumption. Concentrations of a chlordane and trans nonachlor are reportedly the highest and most persistent of chlordane components detected in fish tissue in industrialized areas [34,35], and the present study indicated similar findings for remote regions. Notably, all chlordane compounds were common, particularly in cod and halibut from all island groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Organochlorine Contaminants in Fishes from Coastal Waters West of Amukta Pass, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA

Miles

Ricca

Anthony

et al. 2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Organochlorines were examined in liver and stable isotopes in muscle of fishes from the western Aleutian Islands, Alaska, in relation to islands or locations affected by military occupation. Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis), and rock greenling (Hexagrammos lagocephalus) were collected from nearshore waters at contemporary (decommissioned) and historical (World War II) military locations, as well as at reference locations. Total (Sigma) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) dominated the suite of organochlorine groups (SigmaDDTs, Sigmachlordane cyclodienes, Sigmaother cyclodienes, and Sigmachlorinated benzenes and cyclohexanes) detected in fishes at all locations, followed by SigmaDDTs and Sigmachlordanes; dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'DDE) composed 52 to 66% of SigmaDDTs by species. Organochlorine concentrations were higher or similar in cod compared to halibut and lowest in greenling; they were among the highest for fishes in Arctic or near Arctic waters. Organochlorine group concentrations varied among species and locations, but SigmaPCB concentrations in all species were consistently higher at military locations than at reference locations. Moreover, all organochlorine group concentrations were higher in halibut from military locations than those from reference locations. A wide range of molecular weight organochlorines was detected at all locations, which implied regional or long-range transport and deposition, as well as local point-source contamination. Furthermore, a preponderance of higher-chlorinated PCB congeners in fishes from contemporary military islands implied recent exposure. Concentrations in all organochlorine groups increased with delta15N enrichment in fishes, and analyses of residual variation provided further evidence of different sources of SigmaPCBs and p,p'DDE among species and locations.

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“…Because the cis and trans isomer have similar lipophilic properties with a partition coefficient between water and octanol ( K OW ) of 6.1 ± 0.1 for cis and 6.2 ± 0.1 for trans , lipophilicity cannot explain the different fate of two isomers in aquatic species [34]. Rather, differences in metabolism and excretion might explain the different patterns observed, as suspected by Seemamahannop et al [11] and Murphy and Gooch [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive effects and bioaccumulation of chlordane in Daphnia magna

Manar

Bessi

Vasseur³

2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Acute and chronic toxicity of high-grade chlordane (98%) and bioaccumulation were investigated in Daphnia magna at water soluble concentrations obtained without cosolvent. The measured effective concentrations immobilizing 50% of the microcrustacea (95% confidence interval) were 22.6 (19.7-26.1) microg/L at 24 h and 13.4 (11.3-15.8) microg/L at 48 h. This indicated an increase of chlordane toxicity with time of exposure as confirmed in chronic studies. After 21 d of exposure, significant effects on survival were recorded at a chlordane concentration greater than 2.9 microg/L, whereas reproduction (number of offspring per adult, brood size) and length of adults decreased at 0.7 microg/L or more in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The production of male offspring and developmental abnormalities, consisting of underdeveloped second antennae and shell spines in live neonates, were recorded. The chlordane concentration tested with no significant adverse effect (NOEC) on reproduction of daphnids after 21 d compared with controls was 0.18 microg/L. The bioaccumulation factor of chlordane by daphnids exposed at a level of concentration close to the 21-d NOEC reached 10,600, wet weight, and 244,000, dry weight, after 40 d. The trans-chlordane bioaccumulated to a greater extent than the cis isomer in daphnids, whereas the cis isomer was predominant in the test medium. The results suggest a crucial role of the invertebrates in transfer of chlordane in aquatic food webs and can be used to derive a freshwater guideline for environmental protection accounting for bioaccumulation.

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Accumulation of cis and trans chlordane by channel catfish during dietary exposure

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Transfer of toxaphene and chlordane into farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) via feed

Transfer of toxaphene and chlordane into farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) via feed

Organochlorine Contaminants in Fishes from Coastal Waters West of Amukta Pass, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA

Reproductive effects and bioaccumulation of chlordane in Daphnia magna

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