Accumulation of dieldrin and heptachlor on corn leaves in and around a treated field

Joseph, H.

doi:10.1021/jf60173a052

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Barrows et al (1969) showed that the dieldrin distribution on maize plants grown on treated soil was consistent with accumulation by condensation rather than root adsorption and translocation. Similar distributions were reported by Caro (1971) for field-grown plants. Significant concentrations of dieldrin in the air over a treated field were revealed by exposing traps containing glass fiber filters at 30 to 60 cm heights above the soil.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

“…On Oct 17, heptachlor epoxide was found in the soil in an amount equivalent to 15% of the original heptachlor (Freeman et al, 1975). Plant tissue analyses reported by Caro (1971) revealed increasing amounts of dieldrin, heptachlor, and heptachlor epoxide on the maize leaves over the growing season.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The total residue was a small fraction of the amount that had volatilized through the crop. As noted by Caro (1971) this accumulation is a very inefficient process. Measurements of the adsorption of dieldrin by corn leaves from air containing known concentrations of dieldrin made in the growth chamber (B. C. Turner, unpublished data) have demonstrated that the adsorption is highly sensitive to the relative humidity of the ambient air.…”

Section: Soil and Crop Conditions Affecting Volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Adsorption of Insecticides by Corn Leaves. Data on the amounts of dieldrin and heptachlor accumulated by the corn leaves have been presented by Caro (1971). The accumulation took place slowly over the growing season to reach maximum values of 1.33 ppm of dieldrin and 0.14 ppm of heptachlor on the lower leaves.…”

Section: Soil and Crop Conditions Affecting Volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of these analyses, with the details of the procedures, were reported by Taylor et al (1971). On 4 air-sampling days maize plants were sampled for insecticide analyses; the procedure and results have been reported by Caro (1971).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volatilization of dieldrin and heptachlor from a maize field

Taylor¹,

Glotfelty²,

Glass³

et al. 1976

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Dieldrin and heptachlor were applied at 5.6 kg/ha and mixed 7.5 cm deep in the soil immediately before maize planting on a 0.68-ha watershed at Coshocton, Ohio, on April 30,1969. Vapor density profiles up to 4 m above the ground were measured on 7 days between May 2 and October 16. Vertical flux densities were calculated from eddy diffusion coefficients determined from simultaneous micrometeorological observations. Maximum flux intensities of 4.0 g/ha per day of dieldrin and 5.0 g/ha per day of heptachlor were observed on June 26th. Marked diurnal variations with noonday maxima were observed. Flux intensities declined to low values in October. Calculated seasonal losses were 199 g/ha of dieldrin and 383 g/ha of heptachlor.The importance of volatilization as a significant pathway for organochlorine insecticide loss from soils was noted by Lichtenstein and Schultz (1961). Later, Lichtenstein et al. (1964) showed that losses of aldrin and dieldrin were greatly reduced when the insecticides were incorporated to the 4 in. depth in the soil than when they remained on the surface without cultivation; they attributed this difference to the higher evaporation of the exposed material. Toxic concentrations of insecticide vapors in the air over soils treated with aldrin, heptachlor, and other insecticides were demonstrated by Harris and Lichtenstein (1961) who also showed that the vapor concentration, measured in terms of toxicity, was affected by temperature, humidity, and airflow. Spencer et al. (1973) reviewed measurements

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supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Soil and Crop Conditions Affecting Volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Soil and Crop Conditions Affecting Volatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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