Accumulation of heavy metals by naturally colonising<i>Typha domingensis</i>(Poales: Typhaceae) in waste-rock dump leachate storage ponds in a gold–copper mine in the central tablelands of New South Wales, Australia

Adams, Allan; Raman, Anantanarayanan; Hodgkins, Dennis; Nicol, H. I.

doi:10.1080/17480930.2013.763496

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This paper discusses the modelling of the wetland using experimental data ('f' multiplication factor [slope], 'mp' dry weight of the plant and 'c' constant [intercept] provided in Equation 6) obtained from NLP site previously published by our group (Adams et al, 2013). However, a brief description of experimental data collection, which was previously published (Adams et al, 2013), is described in the following text for clearer understanding as required by the reviewers.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a brief description of experimental data collection, which was previously published (Adams et al, 2013), is described in the following text for clearer understanding as required by the reviewers.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples of leachate, sediment, plant roots and shoots were analysed for Cu, Mn and Zn using an ICP-OES (710 ES, Varian 710 ES, California, USA). Each sample was digested as three replicates (Adams et al, 2013). Accuracy and precision of the digestion procedure and analysis was verified with reference material CRM024-050 (Pasture grasses) and ASP 44-08 (Loamy sand).…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All data were analysed using GenStat 14.2 (2011). Determination of metal translocation from roots to shoots was done with the translocation factor (TF) by expressing the ratio (Stoltz & Greger 2002;Adams et al 2013). …”

Section: Initial Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…domingensis was the plant of choice for wetland modelling in the present context, because the leachate ponds near the mining site were naturally colonised by extensive stands of this taxon (Adams et al, 2013). Pre-mining vegetation surveys have documented T. domingensis in waterways of mine locations (Bower & Medd, 1995).…”

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Ecological modelling of a wetland for phytoremediating Cu, Zn and Mn in a gold–copper mine site using Typha domingensis (Poales: Typhaceae) near Orange, NSW, Australia

Subrahmanyam

Adams

Raman

et al. 2017

European Journal of Ecology

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An artificial wetland was computationally modelled using STELLA®, a graphical programming tool for an Au-Cu mine site in Central-west NSW, the aim of which was to offer a predictive analysis of a proposed wetland for Cu, Zn and Mn removal using Typha domingensis as the agent. The model considers the important factors that impact phytoremediation of Cu, Zn and Mn. Simulations were performed to optimise the area of the wetland; concentration of Cu, Zn and Mn released from mine (AMD); and flow rates of water for maximum absorption of the metals. A scenario analysis indicates that at AMD = 0.75mg/L for Cu, Zn and Mn, 12.5, 8.6, and 357.9 kg of Cu, Zn and Mn, respectively, will be assimilated by the wetland in 35 years, which would be equivalent to 61 mg of Cu/kg, 70 mg of Zn/kg and 2,886 mg of Mn/kg of T. domingensis, respectively. However, should Cu, Zn and Mn in AMD increase to 3 mg/L, then 18.6 kg of Cu and 11.8 kg of Zn, respectively, will be assimilated in 35 years, whereas no substantial increase in absorption for Mn would occur. This indicates that 91 mg of Cu, 96 mg of Zn and 2917 mg of Mn will be assimilated for every kg of T. domingensis in the wetland. The best option for Cu storage would be to construct a wetland of 50,000 m 2 area (AMD = 0.367 mg/L of Cu), which would capture 14.1 kg of Cu in 43 years, eventually releasing only 3.9 kg of Cu downstream. Simulations performed for a WA of 30,000 m 2 indicate that for AMD = 0.367 mg/L of Zn, the wetland captures 6.2 kg, releasing only 3.5 kg downstream after 43 years; the concentration of Zn in the leachate would be 10.2 kg, making this the most efficient wetland amongst the options considered for phytoremediating Zn. This work will help mine managers and environmental researchers in developing an effective environmental management plan by focusing on phytoremediation, with a view at extracting Cu, Zn and Mn from the contaminated sites. INTRODUCTIONABSTRACT ecological modelling, heavy-metal removal, restoration ecology, phytoremediation, sustainable development, Typha domingensis KEYWORDS

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Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Preparation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Initial Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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