Accumulation of the photonic energy of the deep-red part of the terrestrial sun irradiation by rare-earth metal-free E–Z photoisomerization

Abstract

Large scale solar energy storage in form of E-Z photoisomerisable organic materials requires avoiding of application of rare earths metals at any stage of the process used. Here we report...

The statistical probability factor in triplet mediated photon upconversion: a case study with perylene

“…As follows, we calculated f = 17.9% AE 2.1% for perylene according to eqn (5), which is a 5-fold lower value than the one reported elsewhere 31 at the same annihilator and sensitizer concentrations. Therefore, our calculated f value limits the maximal attainable UC yield (f N UC ) of perylene-based TTA-UC systems to 1 2 Â f ¼ 9:0% AE 2:1%, which is 4-fold lower as compared to 38 AE 3% 31 but in quantitative agreement with other reports 30,[32][33][34][35][36][37] (Table S4, ESI †).…”

“…5a), which is in accordance with the values reported elsewhere. 35,36 In the TTA-UC solution, the phosphorescence of PdTPBP showed fast and slow decay components (Fig. 5b).…”

“…2, see Table S2 with ref., ESI †). This leads to f UC from low (f UC = 2-9%) 30,[32][33][34][35][36][37] to high values up to f UC = 38% 31 in deaerated organic solution. f UC was reported to increase even further to 42% in dimerized perylene as an annihilator.…”

Triplet–triplet annihilation mediated photon upconversion solar energy systems

“…To enhance the blue photon flux or shift the action spectrum toward a low energy, they integrated this system with a Perylene-PdTPBP-based TTA-UC solution that resulted in E – Z isomerization upon excitation with 635 nm laser ( Fig. 14 ) 126 However, they did not report back conversion of the Z isomer to release the stored photon energy. Such systems could become practically more relevant if designed in the solid-state ( Fig.…”

A Nonlinear Photochromic Reaction Based on Sensitizer‐Free Triplet–Triplet Annihilation in a Perylene‐Substituted Rhodamine Spirolactam

“…[23][24][25] Therefore, TTA-UC has been combined with various photochromic compounds, mainly for utilizing long-wavelength light. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] However, the typical approach using TTA-UC requires three components: a triplet sensitizer, an annihilator, and a photochromic compound, leading to the complexation of systems. Although some systems that combine annihilators and photochromic moieties have been reported, [31][32][33] sensitizers are still required.…”