Accumulation of Trihalide Ions Caused by Corrosion

Tsukaue, Yasoji; Kudo, Akihiko; Nakao, Genroku; Yamasaki, Hitoshi; Kimura, Seiji

doi:10.5006/1.3316043

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Tsukaue, et al, reported that the initiation of pitting on SS in I 2 solution followed the exponential law, 3 and they confirmed that the critical depth at which pits initiated on the metal would grow stably in I 2 solution was ~ 0.1 mm. 7 Therefore, pits of ≥ 0.1 mm depth were regarded as pitting in the present work.…”

Section: Pitting Probabilitymentioning

confidence: 65%

“…This condition corresponded to Step 1 of Figure 2 and was similar to corrosion in I 2 solutions. 3 Rigid oxide scale began to adhere on water film after ~ 10 h. The amount of oxide scale increased with time. Uneven oxide scale similar to swelling was formed after 500 h. This process corresponded to Step 2 or Step 3 in Figure 2.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Water Droplets or Water Film On Metalmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Therefore, Figures 3 and 4 show pitting initiation on SS in wet air containing I 2 and NO x followed the exponential law, as it did in I 2 solution. 3 Table 3 shows the points of intersection for the x-axis values of the straight lines in Figure 3 and x-axis values for the lines in Figure 4, namely, the incubation time to initiation of pitting. The pit incubation time for type 304L SS was nearly equal to that for type 316L SS in air containing I 2 only.…”

Section: Pitting Probabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kinetic and stochastic studies on the initiation behavior of pitting of stainless steels in the aqueous solution containing triiodide ions (I 3 -) were reported previously. 3 The objective of the present work was to apply the kinetic and stochastic approaches to the initiation behavior of pitting of metal caused by accumulation of I 3 in the water droplets or water film attached to a metal surface. Figure 1 shows a schematic of the apparatus used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Initiation Behavior of Pitting in Stainless Steels by Accumulation of Triiodide Ions in Water Droplets

Tsukaue¹,

Nakao²,

Takimoto³

et al. 1994

CORROSION

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The initiation behavior of pitting on type 304L (UNS S30403) and type 316L (UNS S31603) stainless steels (SS) in wet air containing a slight amount of iodine (I 2 ) was studied. The amount of corrosion product and the concentration of triiodide ions (I 3 -) in the product increased with time. Mass loss increased exponentially in three stages. The pitting probability obeyed the exponential law. A proportional relation was found between a kinetic parameter (G) and a stochastic parameter ().

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Section: Pitting Probabilitymentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Characteristics Of Water Droplets or Water Film On Metalmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Pitting Probabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Initiation Behavior of Pitting in Stainless Steels by Accumulation of Triiodide Ions in Water Droplets

Tsukaue¹,

Nakao²,

Takimoto³

et al. 1994

CORROSION

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“…As it relates to the AHR off-gas extraction system, I 2 concentrations in a 200 kW AHR are anticipated to on the order of 0?4-0?6 ppm as discussed above. 30 concentration would have been less than 0?2 mm, the exposure time in the Suzuki study was only 140 h. Tsukaue demonstrated that pitting probability in SS316L and SS304L exposed to an I 2 /H 2 O vapour phase environment increased with exposure time up to 5000 h. 35,36 Unfortunately, pit depths were not reported in that study. Given the lack of representative exposure times and/or extrapolation of existing pit depth data to plant operation times (10-20 years) the risk of pitting corrosion in the off-gas extraction system of an AHR fabricated from SS304L is not known and warrants further study.…”

Section: Corrosion In Off-gas Extraction Systemmentioning

confidence: 94%

A review of corrosion issues related to uranyl nitrate base aqueous homogeneous reactors

Lillard

2010

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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Aqueous homogeneous reactors (AHRs) are liquid fuel nuclear reactors, typically consisting of an acidified nitrate or sulphate base solution of enriched uranium-235 ( 235 U). The goal of this paper is to review both the report and research literature on the topic of materials corrosion issues related to uranyl nitrate base AHRs. The materials of interest are stainless steel (SS)347, SS304L, SS304L-NAG, SS316L and zirconium (Zr) base alloys. In nitric acid solutions, SS and Zr alloys are passive, although there is some increased susceptibility of SS347 to intergranular corrosion (IGC) and knife-line attack as compared to other alloys. This is likely a result of the higher carbon (C) content in SS347. In uranyl nitrate fuel simulants corrosion rates increased as compared with nitric acid alone with the corrosion rate of SS347 being the highest while SS316 was the lowest of the austenitic stainless steels tested. In comparison, corrosion rates of Zr based alloys remained relatively unchanged in uranyl nitrate base solutions. The most prominent issue for these materials appears to be iodide (I 2 ) induced pitting corrosion on the walls of the off-gas extraction system with the potential for stress corrosion cracking. For Zr alloys, vapour phase I 2 pitting and SCC are well documented failure mechanisms with the threshold I 2 concentration being on the order of 1-2 ppm. In the off-gas extraction system of a 200 kW AHR calculations indicate that the I 2 concentration may be as high as 0?4-0?6 ppm warranting further study in this area. The influence of a prototypic AHR neutron flux on corrosion rates and susceptibility to underfilm corrosion, due to precipitation of UO 2 (OH) 2 , was not available from the literature.

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