Accumulation rates, chemical partitioning, and Q-mode factor analysis of metalliferous sediments from the North Fiji Basin

McMurtry, Gary M.; Carlo, Eric Heinen De; Kim, Kee Hyun

doi:10.1016/0025-3227(91)90107-f

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Factor Analysis has been widely used in the study of metalliferous sediments from other regions in order to identify the nature and abundance of the hydrothermal phases in them (e.g. Leinen & Pisias 1984;Murphy et al 1991;McMurtry et al 1991). Combined, non-detrital Mn+Fe accumulation rates in the sediments have been calculated using the equation:…”

Section: Analytical Methods and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal inputs at ODP Sites 836, 837, 838 and 839 in relation to Eastern Lau Spreading Centre propagation in the Lau Basin, southwest Pacific

Hodkinson

Cronan

1998

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Lau Basin Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 836, 837, 838 and 839 were drilled in basins west of the axial rift zone of the Eastern Lau Spreading Centre (ELSC), south of the Central Lau Spreading Centre (CLSC). Based on the models of basin evolution, Site 836 is thought to be located on ELSC-generated crust while Site 838 is located on pre-existing extended arc terrain to the west of ELSC-generated crust. Sites 837 and 839 are postulated to be close to the boundary separating ELSC-generated and pre-existing crust.Sediments recovered at all sites comprise late Pliocene to Pleistocene clayey nannofossil ooze containing sparse calcareous turbidites overlying a thick sequence of redeposited volcaniclastic sediments interbedded with hemipelagic clayey nannofossil oozes. All calcareous ooze sections contain hydrothermal ferromanganese oxides.The hydrothermal flux to the sediments at each site has been assessed using non-detrital Mn+Fe accumulation rates for recalculated, hemipelagic sediment intervals alone in order to remove the effect of sediment redeposition. Site 836 shows a typical mid-ocean ridge up-hole pattern of decreasing accumulation rates with increasing crustal accretion, as expected from its predicted location on ELSC-generated crust. Site 837 shows a similar pattern suggesting its location on ELSC-generated rather than pre-existing western Lau Basin attenuated crust. At Site 839 non-detrital Mn+Fe accumulation rates show an increase up-hole from basement to a peak before decreasing towards surface, reflecting increasing hydrothermal flux to the sediments with the southward propagation of the ELSC past this site and suggesting its location on pre-existing crust west of ELSC-generated crust. For the time-equivalent sediment section at Site 838, nondetrital Mn+Fe accumulation rate patterns are similar to those at Site 839. Although a period of low non-detrital Mn+Fe accumulation rate reflecting lower plume fallout flux prior to ELSC propagation past the site is not seen at the base of the sediment section at Site 838 (as the hole did not penetrate to basement), the accumulation rate patterns seen are not at variance with its postulated location on pre-existing attenuated crust west of ELSC-generated crust.Mean non-detrital Mn+Fe accumulation rate values are highest at Site 836 with lower mean values at Sites 837, 838 and 839. These values are within the range of those for East Pacific Rise sediments but lower than those for ELSC-propagation-associated sediments at Sites 834 and 835 in the northwestern part of the basin, suggesting that hydrothermal plume fallout associated with the southern, more recently generated portion, of the ELSC was lower than that of the older portion in the north.

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Section: Analytical Methods and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal inputs at ODP Sites 836, 837, 838 and 839 in relation to Eastern Lau Spreading Centre propagation in the Lau Basin, southwest Pacific

Hodkinson

Cronan

1998

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“…Volcanic detrital material is prevalent in the >2 µm size fraction of the non-carbonate part of these sediments and in the <2 µm size fraction clay minerals consisting mainly of smectites, amorphous Fe-oxyhydroxides, and volcanic ash are prevalent (Riech 1990;McMurtry et al 1991). Volcanic detrital material is prevalent in the >2 µm size fraction of the non-carbonate part of these sediments and in the <2 µm size fraction clay minerals consisting mainly of smectites, amorphous Fe-oxyhydroxides, and volcanic ash are prevalent (Riech 1990;McMurtry et al 1991).…”

Section: Sediments In the Areas Of Hydrothermal Activity In The Southmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1.7. Factor analysis of data for the chemical composition indicates that for the carbonate-free matter of the <2 µm grain size fraction the hydrothermal factor is major and accounts for 36% of the variance while for the carbonate-free matter of the >2 µm grain size fraction the hydrothermal factor accounts for only 8% of the variance (McMurtry et al 1991). Based on the data from Cronan (1983), , Gurvich (1990), Walter et al (1990), McMurtry et al (1991, Daesslé et al (2000), Daesslé and Cronan (2002 Studies of sediments from the North Fiji Basin carried out by McMurtry et al (1991) have shown that the fine-grained material is enriched in hydrothermal metal-bearing matter.…”

Section: Sediments In the Areas Of Hydrothermal Activity In The Southmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results from the partition chemical analysis carried out by McMurtry et al (1991) show that more than a half of the contents of Fe, Co, Cd, Mn, and As in the carbonate-free matter of the <2 µm grain size fraction and a half of the Ni content are carried in the Fe-and Mn-oxyhydroxide minerals. About a half of the contents of Cu, Zn, and Pb are carried by Fe-smectite minerals and 20 to 40% are carried by Fe-and Mn-oxyhydroxide minerals ( Fig.…”

Section: Sediments In the Areas Of Hydrothermal Activity In The Southmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average rates of excessive accumu-lation of the elements in the Lau Basin sediments are considerably higher than the average rates of the excessive accumulation of these elements in metalliferous sediments from the Southeast Pacific and from the area of the Rodriguez Triple Junction (Table 1.6). Cronan et al (1986), Riech (1990), Walter et al (1990), McMurtry et al (1991), Daesslé et al (2000), Daesslé and Cronan (2002 The reason for this may be that most of the sediment cores from the Lau Basin were collected in the vicinity of the spreading axis and in the Southeast Pacific and in the area of the Rodriguez Triple Junction the average values were calculated using data from all of the fields of metalliferous sediments. In the metalliferous sediments from the axial zone of the East Pa-cific Rise the rates of the excessive accumulation of the elements are comparable and higher than those in the sediments from the Lau Basin.…”

Section: Sediments In the Areas Of Hydrothermal Activity In The Southmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metalliferous Sediments of the World Ocean

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Optimization of end‐members used in multiple linear regression geochemical mixing models

Dunlea

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Tracking marine sediment provenance (e.g., of dust, ash, hydrothermal material, etc.) provides insight into contemporary ocean processes and helps construct paleoceanographic records. In a simple system with only a few end-members that can be easily quantified by a unique chemical or isotopic signal, chemical ratios and normative calculations can help quantify the flux of sediment from the few sources. In a more complex system (e.g., each element comes from multiple sources), more sophisticated mixing models are required. MATLAB codes published in Pisias et al. (2013) solidified the foundation for application of a Constrained Least Squares (CLS) multiple linear regression technique that can use many elements and several end-members in a mixing model. However, rigorous sensitivity testing to check the robustness of the CLS model is time and labor intensive. MATLAB codes provided in this paper reduce the time and labor involved and facilitate finding a robust and stable CLS model. By quickly comparing the goodness of fit between thousands of different end-member combinations, users are able to identify trends in the results that reveal the CLS solution uniqueness and the end-member composition precision required for a good fit. Users can also rapidly check that they have the appropriate number and type of end-members in their model. In the end, these codes improve the user's confidence that the final CLS model(s) they select are the most reliable solutions. These advantages are demonstrated by application of the codes in two case studies of well-studied datasets (Nazca Plate and South Pacific Gyre).

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Accumulation rates, chemical partitioning, and Q-mode factor analysis of metalliferous sediments from the North Fiji Basin

Cited by 22 publications

References 50 publications

Hydrothermal inputs at ODP Sites 836, 837, 838 and 839 in relation to Eastern Lau Spreading Centre propagation in the Lau Basin, southwest Pacific

Hydrothermal inputs at ODP Sites 836, 837, 838 and 839 in relation to Eastern Lau Spreading Centre propagation in the Lau Basin, southwest Pacific

Metalliferous Sediments of the World Ocean

Optimization of end‐members used in multiple linear regression geochemical mixing models

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