Accumulation, spatio-temporal distribution, and risk assessment of heavy metals in the soil-corn system around a polymetallic mining area from the Loess Plateau, northwest China

Accumulation, temporal variation, source apportionment and risk assessment of heavy metals in agricultural soils from the middle reaches of Fenhe River basin, North China

“…In recent decades, large quantities of pollutants have been discharged into agricultural soil during rapid agricultural intensication, industrialization and urbanization. 1,2 Among these pollutants, heavy metal (HM) pollution in agricultural soils has received increasing attention, not only because of the high toxicity of HMs to plants and microorganisms, 3 but also because of the persistence of HMs in ecosystems. 4,5 For example, HMs can destroy microorganism population structure even at low levels.…”

Bioconcentration, Potential Health Risks, and a Receptor Prediction Model of Metal(loid)s in a Particular Agro-Ecological Area

“…Crop grain samples were digested by a mixture of HNO 3 and HClO 4 (4:1, v:v). The metal(loid) concentrations in the samples were determined as described by [33]. Quality control was implemented in accordance with GBW08502 (rice flour), GBW08503b (wheat flour), GBW10010 (rice), GBW10011 (wheat), and GBW10013 (soybeans), which were also used for accuracy control.…”

“…This methodology has rarely been used in the soil environment. Because it only focuses on linear regression to determine the relationships between multiple influencing factors on metal(loid)s in crops [33], it cannot eliminate the collinearity between elements, leading to inaccurate prediction results. PC S -SMLR is a method that eliminates the collinearity of soil factors [37], reduces the complexity of factors, and provides more accurate results.…”

“…Because wheat and corn crops are affected by the external environment throughout the growing season, the relationships between soil properties and metal(loid)s are more complex. On a relatively large scale, the information from previous studies cannot adequately explain the complex relationship between soil and wheat or corn crops.Geostatistical analysis that includes multiple variables is an effective method to clarify these complex relationships [31][32][33]. Geostatistical methods have been widely used to study the spatial relationships between soil and plants.…”

“…Geostatistical analysis that includes multiple variables is an effective method to clarify these complex relationships [31][32][33]. Geostatistical methods have been widely used to study the spatial relationships between soil and plants.…”