Accuracy and Interobserver Agreement for Determinations of Rabbit Posterolateral Spinal Fusion

Yee, Albert; Bae, Hyun; Friess, Darin; Robbin, Mark; Johnstone, Brian; Yoo, Jung U.

doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000127184.43765.61

Cited by 35 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These investigators also demonstrated that evaluation of fusion by manual palpation correlated more closely with biomechanical test results than did radiographic evaluation [31]. This concept is also supported by data from other studies [21,[32][33][34]. Although some studies have suggested that radiographs underestimate the actual fusion rate [28,35], our results appear to support the notion that plain radiographic assessment of fusion can be an overestimation of actual fusion rates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The aim of this study was to achieve a fusion rate of less than 40 % and then determine whether autologous bone marrow augmented arthrodesis. Other studies subsequently used this bone paucity model to provide a larger potential for improved fusion rates with a variety of bone graft substitutes [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. While our study found a significant positive relationship between volume of autograft and fusion rates, a tenfold range of volume of autograft (1.4-12 cm 3 ) was used in the studies evaluated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Factors influencing arthrodesis rates in a rabbit posterolateral spine model with iliac crest autograft

et al. 2013

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Purpose The rabbit posterolateral intertransverse spine arthrodesis model has been widely used to evaluate spinal biologics. However, to date, the validity and reproducibility of performance of iliac crest bone graft, the most common and critical control group, has not been firmly established. We evaluated original research publications that utilized this model, identified which experimental conditions affected fusion rates, and developed an algorithm to predict fusion rates for future study designs. Methods A MEDLINE search was performed for publications through December, 2011 that utilized this model to evaluate fusion rates elicited by iliac crest autograft. All study parameters were recorded, and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the effects of these variables on fusion rates as determined by either manual palpation or radiographs. Results Seventy studies with 959 rabbits in 102 groups met the inclusion criteria. Excluding studies that measured fusion at 4 or fewer weeks or intentionally tried to decrease the fusion rate, the overall fusion rate for autograft was 58.3 ± 16.3 % (mean ± SD) as determined by manual palpation and 66.4 ± 17.8 % by plain radiographs. Regression analysis demonstrated a difference between these outcome measures with a trend towards significance (p = 0.09). Longer time points and larger volumes of autograft resulted in significantly greater reported fusion rates (p \ 0.0001 and p \ 0.05, respectively). Neither strain, age, weight, nor vertebral level significantly affected fusion rates. Conclusions Although experimental conditions varied across studies, time point evaluation and autograft volume significantly affected fusion rates. Despite some variability demonstrated across certain studies, we demonstrated that when the time point and volume of autograft were controlled for, the iliac crest control group of the rabbit posterolateral spinal arthrodesis model is both reliable and predictably affected by different experimental conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Factors influencing arthrodesis rates in a rabbit posterolateral spine model with iliac crest autograft

et al. 2013

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“…Many patients are now on therapeutic regimens directed at altering the balance between bone formation and bone resorption with a goal of influencing bone mineral density, and hence, fracture risk. Bisphosphonates and selective estrogen modulators have been investigated extensively 12,36,44) . Bisphosphonates have been used therapeutically for the last three decades to treat variety of metabolic bone disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of this, we could compare our results only with the studies which had been used aledronate. Many investigators consider manual palpation as the gold standard in fusion assessment in animal models 5,44) . In the present study, 69% of specimens in control group and 46% of specimens in risedronate group were thought to have a solid fusion by manual palpation and it was not found to be statistically significant (p = .251).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Risedronate on Posterior Lateral Spinal Fusion in a Rat Model

Gezici

Ergün

Gürel

et al. 2009

J Korean Neurosurg Soc

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Objective : To evaluate the potential effects of risedronate (RIS) which shows a higher anti-resorptive effect among bisphosphonates, after a posterolateral lumbar intertransverse process spinal fusion using both autograft and allograft in a rat model. Methods : A totoal of 28 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 2 study groups. A posterolateral lumbar intertransverse process spinal fusion was peformed using both autograft and allograft in a rat model. Group I (control) received 0.1 mL of steril saline (placebo) and Group II (treatment) received risedronate, equivalent to human dose (10 µg/kg/week) for 10-weeks period.Results : The fusion rates as determined by manual palpation were 69% in the group I and 46% in the group II (p = 0.251). According to radiographic score, the spinal segment was considered to be fused radiographically in 7 (53%) of the 13 controls and 9 (69%) of the 13 rats treated with RIS (p = 0.851). The mean histological scores were 5.69 ± 0.13 and 3.84 ± 0.43 for the control and treatment groups, respectively. There was a significant difference between the both groups (p = 0.001). The mean bone density of the fusion masses was 86.9 ± 2.34 in the control group and 106.0 ± 3.54 in the RIS treatment group. There was a statistical difference in mean bone densities of the fusion masses comparing the two groups (p = 0.001). Conclusion : In this study, risedronate appears to delay bone fusion in a rat model. This occurs as a result of uncoupling the balanced osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity inherent to bone healing. These findings suggest that a discontinuation of risedronate postoperatively during acute fusion period may be warranted.

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“…However, plain radiography has a disadvantage in that the radiograph is easily misinterpreted when evaluating whether the fusion mass is solid or not [1,[6][7][8]. This problem is compounded by the use of ceramic composite because of its marked relative density [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of early tissue reactions after lumbar intertransverse process fusion using CT in a rabbit

et al. 2009

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Objective The objective of the study was to evaluate tissue reactions such as bone genesis, cartilage genesis and graft materials in the early phase of lumbar intertransverse process fusion in a rabbit model using computed tomography (CT) imaging with CT intensity (Hounsfield units) measurement, and to compare these data with histological results. Materials and methods Lumbar intertransverse process fusion was performed on 18 rabbits. Four graft materials were used: autograft bone (n=3); collagen membrane soaked with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) (n=5); granular calcium phosphate (n = 5); and granular calcium phosphate coated with rhBMP-2 (n=5). All rabbits were euthanized 3 weeks post-operatively and lumbar spines were removed for CT imaging and histological examination. Results Computed tomography imaging demonstrated that each fusion mass component had the appropriate CT intensity range. CT also showed the different distributions and intensities of bone genesis in the fusion masses between the groups. Each component of tissue reactions was identified successfully on CT images using the CT intensity difference. Using CT color mapping, these observations could be easily visualized, and the results correlated well with histological findings. Conclusions The use of CT intensity is an effective approach for observing and comparing early tissue reactions such as newly synthesized bone, newly synthesized cartilage, and graft materials after lumbar intertransverse process fusion in a rabbit model.

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Accuracy and Interobserver Agreement for Determinations of Rabbit Posterolateral Spinal Fusion

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Factors influencing arthrodesis rates in a rabbit posterolateral spine model with iliac crest autograft

Factors influencing arthrodesis rates in a rabbit posterolateral spine model with iliac crest autograft

The Effect of Risedronate on Posterior Lateral Spinal Fusion in a Rat Model

Evaluation of early tissue reactions after lumbar intertransverse process fusion using CT in a rabbit

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