Accuracy of a cut-off value based on the third molar index: Validation in an Australian population

Franklin, Daniel; Karkhanis, Shalmira; Flavel, Ambika; Collini, Federica; DeLuca, Stefano; Cameriere, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.06.032

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…50 , showed some better performance of the test, specificity was 100.0% in both sexes with sensitivity of 90.6% and 90.9% and accurate classification of 94.5% and 95.1% in females and males respectively while performance in our study was better than in Australian study, by Franklin et al 22 , they showed sensitivity of 90% in both sexes, specificity of 88% and 85% and accurate classification of 88% and 87% in females and males respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…Later the specific cut-off value of I3M <0.08 has been tested for different populations [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] , which further confirmed its applicability and reliability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Cameriere et al 21 presented a method to assess the age of majority, which is based on the relation between real age and the proportions of widths of open apices and the tooth length of third molars. Later the specific cut-off value of I3M <0.08 has been tested for different populations [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] , which further confirmed its applicability and reliability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Cameriere et al 21 have demonstrated the better performance of I3M <0.08 in discriminating adults or juveniles when compared to Demirjian staging (DS) system. The latter was successfully applied in various populations and proven to be a successful method in predicting the age of majority [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of third molar maturity index (I 3M ) for discrimination of juvenile/adult status in South Indian population

Balla

Galić

Karunakar

et al. 2017

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine

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Abstract:Deliberate falsification of age was considered to be one of the main reasons for forensic age estimation of the living individuals. This posed to be a challenging task during criminal and legal proceedings, and ultimate care must be taken not to classify juveniles as adults. Third molars are the only developing teeth during late adolescence and early adulthood. Our study was designed to analyze the usefulness of the third molar maturity index (I3M) specific cut-off value (I3M <0.08) to discriminate adults (≥ 18 years) and juveniles (<18 years) in South Indian children.216 panoramic radiographs (114 females and 102 males) of living subjects aged between 14 and 21 years were analyzed. Our results demonstrated high sensitivity (83.3% and 90.2%) and specificity (98.3 % and 95.1%) for females and males respectively. The positive likelihood ratios of being adult were 50.00 and 18.35 while the negative likelihood ratios were 0.17 and 0.10 in females and males respectively. The estimated posttest probability was 98.0% in females and 94.8% in males. The obtained results showed that the specific cut-off value of I3M <0.08 may be a useful additional tool in discrimination of individuals who are around 18 years of age.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…Later the specific cut-off value of I3M <0.08 has been tested for different populations [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] , which further confirmed its applicability and reliability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Validation of third molar maturity index (I 3M ) for discrimination of juvenile/adult status in South Indian population

Balla

Galić

Karunakar

et al. 2017

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine

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“…Sensitivity values were reported to be over 95% in Turkish males (128 boys from 293 total sample) (Gulsahi et al 2016), Colombians (288 children), (De Luca et al 2016), and Serbians (598 cases) (Zelic et al 2016). Meanwhile, it was 88% in Botswana (1294 individuals) (Cavrić et al 2016) and 90% in Australians (143 cases) (Franklin et al 2016). Unfortunately, sensitivity was only 52% in the Saudi population (300 cases) (AlQahtani et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of the cutoff value of the third molar maturity index: an Egyptian study

El-Bakary

El-Azab

Atta

et al. 2019

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background This study aimed to test the sensitivity and specificity of the third molar maturity index (I3M) cutoff value to discriminate between individuals above and below 18 years of age in an Egyptian sample. Material and methods Digital images of 247 orthopantographs (97 boys and 150 girls) were evaluated. The cutoff value of I3M obtained from the results of Cameriere et al. (Int J Legal Med 122:493–497, 2008) was evaluated in both girls and boys. Results Sensitivity (the proportion of individuals being 18 years of age or older) was 95% and 73% in boys and girls, respectively. Meanwhile, specificity (the proportion of individuals younger than 18) was 100% in boys and 97% in girls. The proportion of correctly classified boys was 97% while it was 59% in girls. Conclusion It can be concluded that the third molar maturity index can discriminate between individuals who are 18 years and over and those under 18 with higher accuracy in boys.

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The third molar maturity index in indicating the legal adult age in Kosovar population

et al. 2017

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The third molar tooth, known as the "wisdom tooth," is the only tooth that can be used to determine legal adult age. This study aimed to test the accuracy of Cameriere's third molar maturity index (I) in assessing the legal adult age of 18 years in the Kosovar population. Orthopantomographs (OPTs) of 1221 healthy living Kosovar individuals, aged between 12 and 23 years and with no congenital or developmental anomalies, were analyzed. Intra-class correlation coefficients were 0.858 (95% CI, 0.786 to 0.906) and 0.852 (95% CI, 0.779 to 0.903) for intra-rater and for inter-rater agreement, respectively. The sample was divided into training dataset (800 OPTs) and test dataset (421 OPTs). The training dataset was used to generate the logistic regression model, while the test dataset was used to study the performance of the model. I and gender as independent variables and adult age (≥ 18 years) or minor age (< 18 years) as the dependent variable were used for logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used to determine the specific cut-off value of I for predicting adult age. The results showed that only I statistically significantly contributed to discriminating adults and minors. ROC analysis showed that the cut-off value of I < 0.08 was the best in discriminating adults and minors. An analysis of the test dataset (421 OPTs) showed that as I decreased the age gradually increased. The performance of the cut-off value of I < 0.08, to discriminate between adults and minors, was analyzed by contingency tables for both sexes. In males, the accurate classification (Acc) was 0.968 (95% CI, 0.926 to 0.985), the sensitivity (Se) was 0.962 (95% CI, 0.925 to 0.978), and the specificity (Sp) was 0.976 (95% CI, 0.929 to 0.995). The Bayes post-test probability (Bayes PTP) was 0.975 (95% CI, 0.905 to 1.00). In females, Acc was 0.909 (95% CI, 0.870 to 0.917), Se and Sp were 0.826 (95% CI, 0.787 to 0.834) and 0.991 (95% CI, 0.953 to 1.00) respectively, while Bayes PTP was 0.989 (95% CI, 0.926 to 1.00). Our data support the usefulness of I < 0.08 to indicate legal adult age in a Kosovar population.

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Accuracy of a cut-off value based on the third molar index: Validation in an Australian population

Cited by 35 publications

References 38 publications

Validation of third molar maturity index (I 3M ) for discrimination of juvenile/adult status in South Indian population

Validation of third molar maturity index (I 3M ) for discrimination of juvenile/adult status in South Indian population

Accuracy of the cutoff value of the third molar maturity index: an Egyptian study

The third molar maturity index in indicating the legal adult age in Kosovar population

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