Accuracy of Different Apex Locators in Teeth with Simulated Apical Root Resorption: an In Vitro Study

Abstract

Background: Accurate working length (WL) determination is necessary in achieving optimal healing by non-surgical root canal therapy in teeth with inflammatory apical root resorption. Electronic apex locators (EALs) are one of the mainstays in determination of WL of teeth. Aim: This study evaluated the accuracy of three EALs [RootZX (third generation), iPex (fourth generation) and Raypex 6 (modification of a fifth generation)] in determining the WL of teeth with simulated apical root resorption in permanent teeth. Materials and methods: Forty freshly extracted maxillary anterior teeth were collected and a 45° oblique cut was made at the root apex with a disc to simulate apical root resorption. Actual working length (AWL) was determined by direct visual method and was used as a control. Electronic working length (EWL) values were measured by three different apex locators that are RootZX (Group I), iPex (Group II) and Raypex 6 (Group III) at apex, 0.5 mm and 1 mm from apex. All values obtained were tabulated and statistical evaluation was carried out. Results: At apex, EWL obtained using iPex (p=0.05) showed a statistically significant difference from AWL. At 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm tolerance, iPex showed non-acceptability for WL measurement in 67.5% and 17.5% of samples compared to Root ZX (12.5% and 2.5%) and Raypex (7.5% and none) respectively. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, it can be concluded that Raypex 6 and RootZX show statistically significant accuracy in WL measurement compared with iPex in teeth with apical root resorption.

Comparing the accuracy of two electronic apex locators in the determination of working length and the detection of root perforations: An in vitro study

“…Based on the findings of the previous studies, the success rate of EALs in determining the WL decreases with the increase of the apical diameter [10]. Hence, in the present study, a k-file size 15, which is the ideal size to determine electronic working length, was utilized as employed by Jadhav et al [6].…”

“…In fact, EALs supplement radiographic techniques for the determination of working length, and apical constriction as well as the detection of root perforation [4,5]. Different EALs have been recommended for the determination of working length [1,5,6]. Root ZX is the most popular EAL which is based on the ratio type with dual Frequency (8 and 0.4 kHz) [1,5].…”

“…Root ZX is the most popular EAL which is based on the ratio type with dual Frequency (8 and 0.4 kHz) [1,5]. Raypex 6 is the latest innovative EAL, which is based on the modification of fifth generation, in the Raypex series [6]. The purpose of this laboratory study was to measure the accuracy of Root ZX and Raypex 6 in determining the working length in comparison with the corresponding AWL.…”

Effects of three different embedding media on the accuracy of different electronic apex locators: An in vitro study

“…Contemporary electronic apex locators (EALs) have been introduced to overcome the limitations of radiographic methods, and most of these devices can locate the apical constriction with high accuracy [6,7]. In previous studies, the measurement accuracy of different EALs has been extensively studied, both in vivo [8,9] and in vitro [10,11]. In vitro studies of EALs were performed using different electroconductive embedding media to simulate clinical conditions [12,13].…”

Li̇teratürde in Vitro Elektroni̇k Apeks Bulucu Çalişmalarinda Kullanilan Ortam Çeşi̇tleri̇: Bi̇r Derleme

“…Bu cihazların farklı klinik koşullar altında ölçüm hassasiyetlerini değerlendiren pek çok çalışma literatürde yerini almıştır. [8][9][10] Bu çalışmalar hem in vivo [11][12][13] , hem de in vitro [14][15][16] olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.…”