Accuracy of measurements used to quantify cranial asymmetry in deformational plagiocephaly

Aarnivala, Henri; Vuollo, Ville; Heikkinen, Tuomo; Harila, Virpi; Holmström, Lasse; Pirttiniemi, Pertti; Valkama, Marita

doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2017.05.014

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our findings showed that the incidences of plagiocephaly and brachycephaly among preterm infants in Chongqing were significantly higher than those among local term infants (51.1%/43, 85.1%/76%). Compared to internationally reported rates in infants, i.e., 3.9–57.2% (plagiocephaly), 16–48% (brachycephaly), and 21–88% (dolichocephaly), the incidence of dolichocephaly in preterm infants was similar to that in local full-term infants (3.2% vs 3.0%) [12, 20, 24, 30]. The incidence of plagiocephaly in premature infants in this study is high.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

“…With the infant facing the examiner, the examiner held the infant’s head in the center. According to Wilbrand’s standardized scheme [19], we proceeded as follows: Measurements were performed according to a standard protocol determined previously [20]. The following parameters were obtained: cranial circumference, cranial length (glabella[g]–opisthocranion[op]), cranial width (eurion [eu]–eurion [eu]), and transcranial diagonals A and B (frontotemporale[ft]–lambdoid[ld]) (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence of positional skull deformities in 530 premature infants with a corrected age of up to 6 months: a multicenter study

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundPositional deformities (PD) are common during early infancy. Severe cases may result in facial abnormalities and be associated with delayed neurological development in infants. The earlier the detection of PD, the better the intervention effect and the lower the cost of treatment. Currently, there are many studies on PD in Europe and the United States. However, in China, there is little data on the basic metrics and incidence of PD. Premature infants have a high risk of PD. However, there are few studies on PD in premature infants globally, and none in Asia. This study aimed to investigate PD and its characteristics inpremature infants to help its early detection and intervention and thus improve the quality of life for premature infants.MethodsWe analyzed 530 preterm infants who visited the outpatient departments at Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University and Maternal and Child Health Care Hospitals of Wanzhou and Yongchuan Districts in Chongqing from September 1, 2016, to August 31, 2017. The head shape data measured by a simple manual method were recorded. The diagonal difference (DD) between the transcranial diagonals and the cranial index (CI) was calculated. PD and its incidences indifferent gestational ages and corrected age groups were analyzed.ResultsAccording to previously defined international diagnostic criteria, the incidence of plagiocephaly, brachycephaly, and dolichocephaly were 51.1, 85.1, and 3.0% respectively, and those of right and left plagiocephalywere69.4 and 30.6%, respectively. The incidence of PD was highest among infants with a gestational age of < 32 weeks and decreased as the gestational age increased. As the corrected age (CA) increased, the incidence of plagiocephaly and dolichocephaly decreased, and the incidence of brachycephaly increased.ConclusionsPD incidence is high among preterm infants. As gestational age decreased, PD incidence and severity increased. Therefore, healthcare providers should implement early PD detection and intervention to prevent the adverse outcomes. The extremely high incidence of brachycephaly and extremely low incidence of dolichocephaly in this study are likely to be due to the variance of cranial metrics caused by cultural differences. The Chinese standards for infant cranial measurements must be established.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of positional skull deformities in 530 premature infants with a corrected age of up to 6 months: a multicenter study

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The diagnosis of DP was based on OCLR, with 104% as the cut-off value for DP, which has been described as the most optimal and clinically relevant cut-off point [4,25]. The severity of DP was also categorized based on OCLR: OCLR 104–107.9% indicates mild; OCLR 108–111.9% indicates moderate; and OCLR ≥ 112% indicates severe DP [5,7].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D Follow-Up Study of Cranial Asymmetry from Early Infancy to Toddler Age after Preterm versus Term Birth

Launonen

Aarnivala

Kyteas

et al. 2019

JCM

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Preterm infants are at higher risk for both symmetrical and asymmetrical head molding. This study involved 3D stereophotogrammetry to assess the cranial growth, molding, and incidence of deformational plagiocephaly (DP) in preterm children compared to term born children. Thirty-four preterm infants and 34 term born controls were enrolled in this study from Oulu University Hospital, Finland. Three-dimensional head images were obtained at the age of 2–4 months (T1), 5–7 months (T2), 11–13 months (T3), and 2.5–3 years (T4) from the term equivalent age (TEA). There was no statistically significant difference in oblique cranial length ratio (OCLR), cephalic index (CI), or weighted asymmetry score (wAS) between the two groups. Occipital flattening, defined by flatness score (FS) was statistically significantly greater in the preterm group than in the term group at T1–T4 (p < 0.05). In both groups, OCLR improved gradually over time. There were no instances, in either group, of severe DP and no moderate DP after T2. Results indicate that DP affects preterm and full-term children almost equally during the first three years of life, and cranial asymmetry resolves at a similar rate in both preterm and term groups after three months of corrected age. Preterm infants present with more occipital flattening than full-term children.

show abstract

“…To identify cranial asymmetry and to determine DP, the Oblique Cranial Length Ratio (OCLR) was calculated from the 3D image, and the cut-off point for DP was set at OCLR ≥ 104% as has been described in the context of our earlier study [10,37]. To illustrate location of the TMJ complex, the ear-offset (EO) was calculated as the difference between the right and left tragion along the z-axis.…”

Section: Cranial Asymmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniofacial Asymmetry from One to Three Years of Age: A Prospective Cohort Study with 3D Imaging

Launonen

Vuollo

Aarnivala

et al. 2019

JCM

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Deformational plagiocephaly (DP) is considered a risk factor for facial asymmetry. This cohort-based, prospective, follow-up study used three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry to assess the development of facial asymmetry in a normal birth cohort and to investigate the impact of DP on facial asymmetry for the age range of one to three years. The study sample consisted of 75 children: 35 girls (47%) and 40 (53%) boys recruited from Oulu University Hospital. A total of 23 (31%) subjects had a history of DP in infancy. 3D facial images were obtained at the mean (SD) age of 1.01 (0.04) year old at T1 and 3.02 (0.14) years old at T2. To determine facial asymmetry, both landmark-based and surface-based facial symmetry methods were used. As measured with the surface-based methods, upper facial symmetry improved from T1 to T2 (p < 0.05). As measured with the landmark-based methods, facial symmetry improved on the upper and lower jaw from T1 to T2 (p < 0.05). The asymmetric effect of DP on the upper parts of the face tends to correct spontaneously during growth. Results indicate that previous DP does not seem to transfer to facial or occlusal asymmetry at the age of three years old.

show abstract

Accuracy of measurements used to quantify cranial asymmetry in deformational plagiocephaly

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Prevalence of positional skull deformities in 530 premature infants with a corrected age of up to 6 months: a multicenter study

Prevalence of positional skull deformities in 530 premature infants with a corrected age of up to 6 months: a multicenter study

A 3D Follow-Up Study of Cranial Asymmetry from Early Infancy to Toddler Age after Preterm versus Term Birth

Craniofacial Asymmetry from One to Three Years of Age: A Prospective Cohort Study with 3D Imaging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About