Accuracy of noncycloplegic photorefraction using Spot photoscreener in detecting amblyopia risk factors in preschool children in an Indian eye clinic

Sharma, Manasvini; Ganesh, Suma; Tibrewal, Shailja; Sabharwal, Shalinder; Sachdeva, Neha; Adil, Mohd; Chaudhary, Jyotsana; Siddiqui, Zeeshan

doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_701_19

Indian J Ophthalmol

2020

DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_701_19

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Accuracy of noncycloplegic photorefraction using Spot photoscreener in detecting amblyopia risk factors in preschool children in an Indian eye clinic

Manasvini Sharma

Suma Ganesh

Shailja Tibrewal

et al.

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Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…[3][4][5] Additional information such as binocular gaze position and pupil diameter is also obtained in sync with refractive error in these devices. All these, taken together, make the photorefraction technique ideally suited for mass screening of refractive errors, 3,4 for strabismus, 6,7 and for research studies of the near triad (accommodation-vergence-pupil miosis). [8][9][10][11] Whereas the photorefraction technique is well understood for eyes with regular refractive errors and uniformly shaped corneas, 1 very little is known about the nature of this reflex in eyes with distorted corneas (e.g., keratoconus, after keratorefractive surgery).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Additional information such as binocular gaze position and pupil diameter is also obtained in sync with refractive error in these devices. All these, taken together, make the photorefraction technique ideally suited for mass screening of refractive errors, 3,4 for strabismus, 6,7 and for research studies of the near triad (accommodation–vergence–pupil miosis) 8–11 …”

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confidence: 99%

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The Value of Eccentric Infrared Photorefraction in Evaluating Keratoconus

2022

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SIGNIFICANCE: Nonlinearity in the luminance profile of eccentric, infrared photorefraction may be used to differentiate corneal diseases such as keratoconus that distort the cornea, relative to regular refractive errors.PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the profile of eccentric, infrared photorefraction in keratoconus as a prototypical disease model for distorted corneas and identify a parameter in this profile for differentiating such disease conditions from healthy controls.METHODS: Photorefraction reflex of 75 eyes with forme fruste to advanced keratoconic cases and that of 75 eyes of controls with regular refractive errors (spherical equivalent, +0.50 to −11.75 D; astigmatism, −0.50 to −4.50 D across 0 to 180°axes) were obtained over their natural pupils under unaided viewing using a custom-designed photorefractor placed at 1 m from the subject. The test was repeated in 10 controls with 4 and 6 D of trial-lensinduced myopia and myopic astigmatism at 0, 90, 45, and 135°. Linear regression was performed on the luminance profile across the pupil, and the departure of the data from linearity was estimated using the average residual error of the fit (Res avg ).RESULTS: Photorefraction profiles varied linearly across the pupil in controls, with slopes increasing with refractive error (r = 0.87; P < .001) and Res avg remaining invariant of refractive error (r = −0.29; P > .4). Corresponding profiles in keratoconus significantly departed from linearity, with Res avg progressively increasing with disease severity (r = 0.66; P < .001). Res avg of 0.03 gray-scale units/pixel distinguished keratoconus from controls with sensitivity increasing from 66.7 to 100% for mild to advanced keratoconus and specificity remaining ≥97.1% across disease severity. Induced myopia and myopic astigmatism produced predictable changes in luminance profile slopes but with no change in Res avg values.CONCLUSIONS: Unlike regular myopia and astigmatism, the photorefraction reflex is significantly nonlinear in keratoconus because of the distorted cornea. Measures of nonlinearity in luminance profile may be incorporated in commercial photorefractors for differentiating such disease conditions from regular refractive errors.

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The Value of Eccentric Infrared Photorefraction in Evaluating Keratoconus

2022

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Evaluation of cycloplegic and noncycloplegic performance of spot vision screener in detection of amblyopia risk factors using 2021 AAPOS guidelines

Bulut,

Dayi,

Celik

et al. 2024

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

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Door-to-door Screening as a New Model Augmenting School Eye Screening: Reaching Out to School Age Children in the Midst of a Pandemic

Sabherwal

Sood

Siddiqui

et al. 2022

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

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Accuracy of noncycloplegic photorefraction using Spot photoscreener in detecting amblyopia risk factors in preschool children in an Indian eye clinic

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

The Value of Eccentric Infrared Photorefraction in Evaluating Keratoconus

The Value of Eccentric Infrared Photorefraction in Evaluating Keratoconus

Evaluation of cycloplegic and noncycloplegic performance of spot vision screener in detection of amblyopia risk factors using 2021 AAPOS guidelines

Door-to-door Screening as a New Model Augmenting School Eye Screening: Reaching Out to School Age Children in the Midst of a Pandemic

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