Accuracy of the Apple Watch in measuring oxygen saturation: comparison with pulse oximetry and ABG

Arslan, Banu; Şener, Kemal; Güven, Ramazan; Kapçı, Mücahit; Korkut, Semih; Sutasir, Mehmet N.; Tekindal, Mustafa Agâh

doi:10.1007/s11845-023-03456-w

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…However, consumer-marketed wearable health monitoring devices have not been thoroughly studied. That said, research examining the accuracy of health data has mixed results, with some research suggesting relatively accurate measurement [24], while others found the metrics to be somewhat lacking [25]. In other words, the lack of standardization in data collection and analysis methods leads to inconsistencies in the data reported by different devices.…”

Section: Lack Of Regulation Over Whmd and Health Apps Marketed For Co...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Whispers from the Wrist”: Wearable Health Monitoring Devices and Privacy Regulations in the U.S.: The Loopholes, the Challenges, and the Opportunities

Sifaoui,

Eastin

2024

Cryptography

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The growth of wearable technology has enabled the collection of even more personalized information on individuals. New health-related devices marketed to consumers collect health information that might not fall under the traditional category of Protected Health Information, and thus, HIPAA protections do not fully apply. Meaning, commercial wearable health devices do not fall under FDA oversight, and data not paired with a doctor–patient relationship do not fall under HIPAA privacy protection; thus, much of the gathered health-related metrics are left without regulation and open to be sold to data brokers. As such, these data can be leveraged by health insurance, law enforcement, and employers, to name a few. This manuscript explores the loopholes in current regulations and suggests a framework that categorizes wearable data and addresses challenges in data transfer. Furthermore, taking a user perspective, the suggested framework offers solutions that aim to guide users and policymakers in navigating privacy issues in wearable technology.

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Section: Lack Of Regulation Over Whmd and Health Apps Marketed For Co...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Whispers from the Wrist”: Wearable Health Monitoring Devices and Privacy Regulations in the U.S.: The Loopholes, the Challenges, and the Opportunities

Sifaoui,

Eastin

2024

Cryptography

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Validity of a Consumer-Based Wearable to Measure Clinical Parameters in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Healthy Controls: Observational Study

Hermans,

Arents,

Blondeel

et al. 2024

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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Background Consumer-based wearables are becoming more popular and provide opportunities to track individual’s clinical parameters remotely. However, literature about their criterion and known-groups validity is scarce. Objective This study aimed to assess the validity of the Fitbit Charge 4, a wrist-worn consumer-based wearable, to measure clinical parameters (ie, daily step count, resting heart rate [RHR], heart rate variability [HRV], respiratory rate [RR], and oxygen saturation) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy controls in free-living conditions in Belgium by comparing it with medical-grade devices. Methods Participants wore the Fitbit Charge 4 along with three medical-grade devices: (1) Dynaport MoveMonitor for 7 days, retrieving daily step count; (2) Polar H10 for 5 days, retrieving RHR, HRV, and RR; and (3) Nonin WristOX2 3150 for 4 nights, retrieving oxygen saturation. Criterion validity was assessed by investigating the agreement between day-by-day measures of the Fitbit Charge 4 and the corresponding reference devices. Known-groups validity was assessed by comparing patients with COPD and healthy controls. Results Data of 30 patients with COPD and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy controls resulted in good agreement between the Fitbit Charge 4 and the corresponding reference device for measuring daily step count (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC2,1]=0.79 and ICC2,1=0.85, respectively), RHR (ICC2,1=0.80 and ICC2,1=0.79, respectively), and RR (ICC2,1=0.84 and ICC2,1=0.77, respectively). The agreement for HRV was moderate (healthy controls: ICC2,1=0.69) to strong (COPD: ICC2,1=0.87). The agreement in measuring oxygen saturation in patients with COPD was poor (ICC2,1=0.32). The Fitbit device overestimated the daily step count and underestimated HRV in both groups. While RHR and RR were overestimated in healthy controls, no difference was observed in patients with COPD. Oxygen saturation was overestimated in patients with COPD. The Fitbit Charge 4 detected significant differences in daily step count, RHR, and RR between patients with COPD and healthy controls, similar to those identified by the reference devices, supporting known-groups validity. Conclusions Although the Fitbit Charge 4 shows mainly moderate to good agreement, measures of clinical parameters deviated from the reference devices, indicating that monitoring patients remotely and interpreting parameters requires caution. Differences in clinical parameters between patients with COPD and healthy controls that were measured by the reference devices were all detected by the Fitbit Charge 4.

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Accuracy of the Apple Watch in measuring oxygen saturation: comparison with pulse oximetry and ABG

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

“Whispers from the Wrist”: Wearable Health Monitoring Devices and Privacy Regulations in the U.S.: The Loopholes, the Challenges, and the Opportunities

“Whispers from the Wrist”: Wearable Health Monitoring Devices and Privacy Regulations in the U.S.: The Loopholes, the Challenges, and the Opportunities

Validity of a Consumer-Based Wearable to Measure Clinical Parameters in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Healthy Controls: Observational Study

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