A new approach is proposed for the analysis and design of a planar Fabry-Perot antenna. The complete modal analysis of the field into the cavity leads to a simplified equivalent circuit, able to provide a reliable description of the coupling with the feeding waveguide, as well as to compute the equivalent currents on the radiating apertures, thus obtaining the radiated far-field. The proposed approach is preliminary validated on a metallic FabryPerot antenna structure. Then, a modified configuration, based on a cavity partially-filled with a dielectric substrate, is assumed to obtain a Fabry-Perot antenna with improved bandwidth features. Experimental validations on array prototypes are successfully discussed.