Accurate density measurement of stainless steel weights by hydrostatic weighing system

Hayu, Renanta; Sutanto, Hadi; Ismail, Zamri

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2018.08.033

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…As it is known, due to high cooling rates obtained during laser powder bed fusion, the produced samples have a fine structure that corresponds and is equal to the processes obtained in cast samples by quenching in liquid [71][72][73][74][75] that are not available for other types of additive manufacturing based on particles' adhesion and diffusion [47,48]. The density of the produced parts corresponds to the values for cast samples, and porosity corresponds to the highest requirements for the samples obtained from the powders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Postprocessing on Wear Resistance of Aerospace Steel Parts Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

et al. 2020

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The paper is devoted to the research of the effect of ultrasonic postprocessing—specifically, the effects of ultrasonic cavitation-abrasive finishing, ultrasonic plastic deformation, and vibration tumbling on surface quality, wear resistance, and the ability of real aircraft parts with complex geometries and with sizes less than and more than 100 mm to work in exploitation conditions. The parts were produced by laser powder bed fusion from two types of anticorrosion steels of austenitic and martensitic grades—20Kh13 (DIN 1.4021, X20Cr13, AISI 420) and 12Kh18N9T (DIN 1.4541, X10CrNiTi18-10, AISI 321). The finishing technologies based on mechanical action—plastic deformation, abrasive wear, and complex mechanolysis showed an effect on reducing the submicron surface roughness, removing the trapped powder granules from the manufactured functional surfaces and their wear resistance. The tests were completed by proving resistance of the produced parts to exploitation conditions—vibration fatigue and corrosion in salt fog. The roughness arithmetic mean deviation Ra was improved by 50–52% after cavitation-abrasive finishing, by 28–30% after ultrasonic plastic deformation, and by 65–70% after vibratory tumbling. The effect on wear resistance is correlated with the improved roughness. The effect of used techniques on resistance to abrasive wear was explained and grounded.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Postprocessing on Wear Resistance of Aerospace Steel Parts Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

et al. 2020

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“…The density of the samples ρ was determined by hydrostatic weighing in distilled water using Archimedes' principle and compared with the theoretical values by an XP504 laboratory balance (Mettler Toledo, Columbus, OH, USA) with an accuracy of 0.001 g•cm −3 [75,76].…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cavitation Erosion Wear, Vibration Tumbling, and Heat Treatment on Additively Manufactured Surface Quality and Properties

Grigoriev

Metel

Tarasova

et al. 2020

Metals

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The paper is devoted to researching various post-processing methods that affect surface quality, physical properties, and mechanical properties of laser additively manufactured steel parts. The samples made of two types of anticorrosion steels—20kH13 (DIN 1.4021, X20Cr13, AISI 420) and 12kH18N9T (DIN 1.4541, X10CrNiTi18-10, AISI 321) steels—of martensitic and austenitic class were subjected to cavitation abrasive finishing and vibration tumbling. The roughness parameter Ra was reduced by 4.2 times for the 20kH13 (X20Cr13) sample by cavitation-abrasive finishing when the roughness parameter Ra for 12kH18N9T (X10CrNiTi18-10) sample was reduced by 2.8 times by vibratory tumbling. The factors of cavitation-abrasive finishing were quantitatively evaluated and mathematically supported. The samples after low tempering at 240 °C in air, at 680 °C in oil, and annealing at 760 °C in air were compared with cast samples after quenching at 1030 °C and tempering at 240 °C in air, 680 °C in oil. It was shown that the strength characteristics increased by ~15% for 20kH13 (X20Cr13) steel and ~20% for 12kH18N9T (X10CrNiTi18-10) steel than for traditionally heat-treated cast samples. The wear resistance of 20kH13 (X20Cr13) steel during abrasive wear correlated with measured hardness and decreased with an increase in tempering temperatures.

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“…Hydrostatic weighting was carried out [17]. All specimens were weighted in the air and in water as well [18], and their densities were determined according to the following equation [19] (Eq. 1.…”

Section: Die Casting Quality Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Vacuum on the Mechanical Properties of Die Cast Aluminum AlSi9Cu3(Fe) Alloy

Szalva

Orbulov

2019

Inter Metalcast

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High pressure die casting (HPDC) is a widely used casting technology for product that is made of light metal such as aluminum alloy. During die casting process the molten metal is injected into a mold at high speed and solidify under high pressure. The amount of porosity in the cast part is an important question. Lots of technologies have been developed to minimize porosities, for example, vacuum-assisted high pressure die casting process (VPDC). In this paper, AlSi9Cu3(Fe) aluminum alloy castings were produced by conventional HPDC with atmospheric venting and VPDC process under three different absolute cavity air pressures of 170 mbar, 90 mbar and 70 mbar at the cavity. The influence of absolute cavity air pressure on the porosity and on the mechanical properties of the castings were investigated and compared with conventional HPDC casting method. The results of the present study proved that the amount of porosity and the pore sizes in the castings can be significantly reduced from 1.10% at an atmospheric level to 0.47% at 70 mbar. This corresponds to 57% reduction. As a result, the mechanical properties are improved significantly, particularly, the tensile strength from 271.6 MPa to 299.8 MPa, which corresponds to 10% increment and the elongation from 1.66% to 2.49%, which shows 50% increment. At lower absolute cavity air pressure the entrapped gases become the final gas porosities in the die castings and shows solidification shrinkage form inspected with scanning electron microscopy. In general, lower cavity air pressure contributes to reduce the pores, which improve the mechanical properties of die casting.

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Accurate density measurement of stainless steel weights by hydrostatic weighing system

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Influence of Postprocessing on Wear Resistance of Aerospace Steel Parts Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Influence of Postprocessing on Wear Resistance of Aerospace Steel Parts Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Effect of Cavitation Erosion Wear, Vibration Tumbling, and Heat Treatment on Additively Manufactured Surface Quality and Properties

The Effect of Vacuum on the Mechanical Properties of Die Cast Aluminum AlSi9Cu3(Fe) Alloy

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