Accurate Interpretation of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Detection by Immunochromatography

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is a serious infectious respiratory virus that can cause lung, heart, kidney, and liver damage and even cause death. Early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is vital for epidemic prevention and control. At present, the gold standard of COVID-19 diagnosis is nucleic acid detection of SARS-CoV-2. However, the nucleic acid detection of SARS-CoV-2 requires high site requirements and technology requirements, and the detection is time-consuming and cannot fully meet clinical needs. Although SARS-CoV-2 antigen test results cannot be directly used to diagnose COVID-19, positive results can be used for the early triage and rapid management of suspected populations. However, due to the limitations of the methodology itself, the SARS-CoV-2 antigen test is prone to produce false-positive and false-negative results in the process of detection. It is urgent to develop a batch of SARS-CoV-2 antigen reagents based on new detection technology and detection principles to overcome the defects of existing technologies.

Regulating the product quality of COVID-19 antigen testing reagents: A tripartite evolutionary game analysis under China's legal framework

“…Shao concluded that while SARS-CoV-2 antigen test findings cannot be utilized to diagnose COVID-19 directly, they may be used for early triage and immediate care of questionable groups. SARS-CoV-2 antigen testing is susceptible to false-positive and false-negative findings due to technical limitations ( 36 ). According to Fournier et al, antigen testing is unsatisfactory due to its lack of sensitivity.…”

PdPtRu trimetallic nanozymes and application to electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive SARS-COV-2 antigen detection

“…Later, the rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 antigen has played a more and more important role in epidemic prevention [ 4 , 5 ]. Colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA)-based SARS-CoV-2 antigen testing kits are mainly developed, which has the advantages in terms of low cost, rapid detection and self-service to meet the needs of virus screening [ 6 ]. However, GICA is not sensitive enough to detect low abundance samples of early infection, thus limiting its contribution to epidemic prevention [ [7] , [8] , [9] ].…”

Immunochromatographic enhancement strategy for SARS-CoV-2 detection based on nanotechnology

“…SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of the current coronavirus pandemic, which can lead to serious health consequences such as lung damage, heart complications, and even death. 1 It has spread at an alarming rate due to its highly contagious nature and wide range of transmission pathways, resulting in more than 766.44 million people being infected worldwide, with over 6.93 million fatalities (as of May 2023). 2 This pandemic has become more difficult to contain with the emergence of mutant strains.…”

“…2 This pandemic has become more difficult to contain with the emergence of mutant strains. 1 To reduce the spread of the virus, the early identification and diagnosis of patients is essential, hence there is a need for simple, convenient, and rapid, yet accurate assays to detect SARS-CoV-2. 4,5…”