Accurate measurement of the 12.6 GHz "clock" transition in trapped /sup 171/Yb/sup +/ ions

Fisk, Peter; Sellars, Matthew; Lawn, M.A.; Coles, G.S.V.

doi:10.1109/58.585119

Cited by 96 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Here F is the total angular momentum of the ion and m F its projection along the quantization axis. These hyperfine "clock" states are to first order insensitive to the magnetic field and thus form an excellent quantum memory [13,14].…”

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Heralded Quantum Gate between Remote Quantum Memories

et al. 2009

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We demonstrate a probabilistic entangling quantum gate between two distant trapped ytterbium ions. The gate is implemented between the hyperfine "clock" state atomic qubits and mediated by the interference of two emitted photons carrying frequency encoded qubits. Heralded by the coincidence detection of these two photons, the gate has an average fidelity of 90 ± 2%. This entangling gate together with single qubit operations is sufficient to generate large entangled cluster states for scalable quantum computing.PACS numbers: 03.67. Bg, 42.50.Ex, 03.67.Pp The conventional model of quantum computing, the quantum circuit model [1,2], consists of unitary quantum gate operations followed by measurements at the end of the computation process to read out the result. An equivalent model of quantum computation, which may prove easier to implement, is the "one-way" quantum computer [3,4,5], where a highly entangled state of a large collection of qubits is prepared and local operations and projective measurements complete the quantum computation.Experiments with entangled photon states have demonstrated basic quantum operations [6,7] for oneway quantum computation. However, these experiments did not use quantum memories, and the photonic cluster states used as the resource for the computation are based on postselection and cannot easily be scaled [8]. In contrast, large entangled states of quantum memories can be generated using a photon-mediated quantum gate where the number of necessary operations asymptotically scales linearly with the number of nodes [9,10,11]. The successful operation of the gate is heralded by the coincidence detection of two photons. Because the entangling gate is mediated by photons, it can in principle be applied to a wide variety of quantum memories such as trapped ions, neutral atoms in cavities, atomic ensembles or quantum dots.In this Letter, we demonstrate this probabilistic, heralded entangling gate for two ytterbium ions confined in two independent traps separated by one meter. The gate is implemented between the long-lived hyperfine "clock" states and mediated by photons carrying frequency encoded qubits. Unlike the recent demonstration of teleportation between two ions [12], here we demonstrate and characterize the gate for arbitrary quantum states of both qubits, as required for scalable quantum computing. We perform the gate on a full set of input states for both qubits and measure an average fidelity of 90 ± 2%. For the particular case that should result in the antisymmetric Bell state, we perform full tomography of the final state.The gate has many favorable properties. First, the ionsThe experimental apparatus. Two 171 Yb + ions are trapped in identically constructed ion traps separated by one meter. A magnetic field B is applied perpendicular to the excitation and observation axes to define the quantization axis. About 2% of the emitted light from each ion is collected by objective lenses (OL) with numerical aperture of 0.23 and coupled into two single-mode fibers. Polarization co...

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Heralded Quantum Gate between Remote Quantum Memories

et al. 2009

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“…When the stability is limited by quantum fluctuations in state detection, σ y (τ ) = C(2πν 0 ) −1 (N τ probe τ ) − 1 2 , where N is the number of atoms, τ probe is the transition probe time (typically limited by the excited-state lifetime or the stability of the local oscillator), and C is a constant of order unity that depends on the method of interrogation. For many decades, the highest accuracies and the greatest stabilities have been achieved by locking a microwave oscillator to a hyperfine transition in an atomic ground state [1][2][3][4][5]. Since the fractional instability σ y (τ ) is inversely proportional to the transition frequency, greater stability can be attained using transitions at higher frequencies such as those in the optical region of the electromagnetic spec- trum.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For many decades, the highest accuracies and the greatest stabilities have been achieved by locking a microwave oscillator to a hyperfine transition in an atomic ground state [1][2][3][4][5]. Since the fractional instability σ y (τ ) is inversely proportional to the transition frequency, greater stability can be attained using transitions at higher frequencies such as those in the optical region of the electromagnetic spec- …”

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Sub-dekahertz Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of199Hg+

et al. 2000

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Using a laser that is frequency-locked to a FabryPérotétalon of high finesse and stability, we probe the 5d 10 6s 2 S 1/2 (F=0)↔5d 9 6s 2 2 D 5/2 (F=2) ∆mF =0 electricquadrupole transition of a single laser-cooled 199 Hg + ion stored in a cryogenic radio-frequency ion trap. We observe Fourier-transform limited linewidths as narrow as 6.7 Hz at 282 nm (1.06 × 10 15 Hz), yielding a line Q ≈ 1.6 × 10 14 . We perform a preliminary measurement of the 5d 9 6s 2 2 D 5/2 electric-quadrupole shift due to interaction with the static fields of the trap, and discuss the implications for future trapped-ion optical frequency standards. PACS numbers: 06.30. Ft, 32.30.Jc, 32.80.Pj, 42.62.Fi Precision spectroscopy has held an enduring place in physics, particularly in the elucidation of atomic structure and the measurement of fundamental constants, in the development of accurate clocks, and for fundamental tests of physical laws. Two ingredients of paramount importance are high accuracy, that is, the uncertainty in systematic frequency shifts must be small, and high signal-to-noise ratio, since the desired measurement precision must be reached in a practical length of time. In this paper, we report the measurement of an optical absorption line in a single laser-cooled 199 Hg + ion at a frequency ν 0 = 1.06 × 10 15 Hz (wavelength ≈ 282 nm) for which a linewidth ∆ν = 6.7 Hz is observed, yielding the highest Q ≡ ν 0 /∆ν ever achieved for optical (or lower frequency) spectroscopy. We also report a preliminary measurement of the interaction of the upper state electric-quadrupole moment with the static field gradients of the ion trap, which is expected to contribute the largest uncertainty for a frequency standard based on this system.In spectroscopy and for clocks, fluctuations in frequency measurement are usually expressed fractionally: σ y (τ ) = ∆ν meas (τ )/ν 0 , where τ is the total measurement time. When the stability is limited by quantum fluctuations in state detection,2 , where N is the number of atoms, τ probe is the transition probe time (typically limited by the excited-state lifetime or the stability of the local oscillator), and C is a constant of order unity that depends on the method of interrogation. For many decades, the highest accuracies and the greatest stabilities have been achieved by locking a microwave oscillator to a hyperfine transition in an atomic ground state [1][2][3][4][5]. Since the fractional instability σ y (τ ) is inversely proportional to the transition frequency, greater stability can be attained using transitions at higher frequencies such as those in the optical region of the electromagnetic spec-

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“…For an ion that is initially in a thermal state with mean phonon occupation numbers = º n n n x ȳ¯¯, (16) can be used to calculate the probability of measuring spin up: …”

Section: Finite Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Rotation sensing with trapped ions

Campbell

Hamilton

2017

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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We present a protocol for rotation measurement via matter-wave Sagnac interferometry using trapped ions. The ion trap based interferometer encloses a large area in a compact apparatus through repeated round-trips in a Sagnac geometry. We show how a uniform magnetic field can be used to close the interferometer over a large dynamic range in rotation speed and measurement bandwidth without contrast loss. Since this technique does not require the ions to be confined in the Lamb-Dicke regime, Doppler laser cooling should be sufficient to reach a sensitivity of

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Accurate measurement of the 12.6 GHz "clock" transition in trapped /sup 171/Yb/sup +/ ions

Cited by 96 publications

References 18 publications

Heralded Quantum Gate between Remote Quantum Memories

Heralded Quantum Gate between Remote Quantum Memories

Sub-dekahertz Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of199Hg+

Rotation sensing with trapped ions

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