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Solar hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production has garnered increased research interest owing to its safety, cost‐effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and sustainability. The synthesis of H2O2 relies mainly on renewable resources such as water, oxygen, and solar energy, resulting in minimal waste. Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) stands out among various oxide semiconductors for selective H2O2 production under visible light via direct two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and two‐electron water oxidation reaction (WOR) pathways. Significant advancements have been achieved using BiVO4‐based materials in solar H2O2 production over the last decade. This review explores advancements in BiVO4‐based photocatalysts for H2O2 production, focusing on photocatalytic powder suspension (PS) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems, representing the main approaches for heterogenous artificial photosynthesis. An overview of fundamental principles, performance assessment methodologies, photocatalyst and photoelectrode development, and optimization of reaction conditions is provided. While diverse strategies, such as heterojunction, doping, crystal facet engineering, cocatalyst loading, and surface passivation, have proven effective in enhancing H2O2 generation, this review offers insights into their similar and distinct implementations within the PS and PEC systems. The challenges and future prospects in this field are also discussed to facilitate the rational design of high‐performing BiVO4‐based photocatalysts and photoelectrodes for H2O2 generation under visible light.
Solar hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production has garnered increased research interest owing to its safety, cost‐effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and sustainability. The synthesis of H2O2 relies mainly on renewable resources such as water, oxygen, and solar energy, resulting in minimal waste. Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) stands out among various oxide semiconductors for selective H2O2 production under visible light via direct two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and two‐electron water oxidation reaction (WOR) pathways. Significant advancements have been achieved using BiVO4‐based materials in solar H2O2 production over the last decade. This review explores advancements in BiVO4‐based photocatalysts for H2O2 production, focusing on photocatalytic powder suspension (PS) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems, representing the main approaches for heterogenous artificial photosynthesis. An overview of fundamental principles, performance assessment methodologies, photocatalyst and photoelectrode development, and optimization of reaction conditions is provided. While diverse strategies, such as heterojunction, doping, crystal facet engineering, cocatalyst loading, and surface passivation, have proven effective in enhancing H2O2 generation, this review offers insights into their similar and distinct implementations within the PS and PEC systems. The challenges and future prospects in this field are also discussed to facilitate the rational design of high‐performing BiVO4‐based photocatalysts and photoelectrodes for H2O2 generation under visible light.
Semiconductor photocatalysis is a promising tactic to simultaneously overcome global warming and the energy crisis as it can directly convert inexhaustible solar energy into clean fuels and valuable chemicals, hence being employed in various energy applications. However, the current performance of photocatalysis is largely impeded by the fast recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and insufficient light absorption. Among various materials, bismuth‐based photocatalysts have stood out as excellent candidates for efficient photocatalysis due to their unique controllable crystal structures and relatively narrow band gap. These features endow the selective exposure of active facets (facet engineering) and wide light absorption range, resulting in tunable photocatalytic activity, selectivity, and stability. Therefore, it is of great potential to use facet‐engineered bismuth‐based photocatalysts for efficient energy applications (e.g., water splitting, CO2 reduction, N2 fixation, and H2O2 production) to achieve sustainable development. Herein, the introduction provides the overview of this research, while the synthesis, modification strategy, and the latest progress of facet‐engineered bismuth‐based photocatalysts in energy application were summarized and highlighted in this review paper. Lastly, the conclusion and outlooks of this topic were concluded to give some insights into the direction and focus of future research.
In recent decades, photocatalysis technology, a typical mild and environmentally friendly technique, can use sunlight to drive the oxidation/reduction reactions on the surface of catalysts. However, single semiconductor materials can hardly meet the requirements of photocatalytic application due to the low availability of visible light, quick e− − h+ recombination, and the insufficiency of active sites. Cocatalysts are often introduced to solve the above problems. Among the numerous cocatalysts, NiS cocatalysts exhibit excellent properties, such as superior chemical stability, suitable band structure, and larger specific surface area, which can improve the photocatalytic efficiency of various semiconductors. Herein, the research progress of NiS cocatalysts in photocatalysis is reviewed. First, the structure of NiS and several common preparation methods are briefly introduced. Second, the NiS cocatalytic principle about how to achieve the effective separation of photogenerated carriers is introduced. Third, the methods to optimize the catalytic activity of NiS are mainly summarized. At the same time, the review summarizes the research progress of composite photocatalysts based on NiS cocatalyst. Finally, the review discusses the existing challenges and obstacles of NiS‐based photocatalytic systems and proposes feasible improvements and ideas to meet the future requirements of practical applications.
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