ACE polymorphism and COVID-19 outcome

Delanghe, Joris; Speeckaert, Marijn M.; Buyzere, Marc L. De

doi:10.1007/s12020-020-02454-7

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, later on, Delanghe et al have recently found that the prevalence of COVID-19 in 33 countries has been substantially associated with ACE1 I/D polymorphism ( Delanghe et al, 2020b ). To date, few studies have been published that investigate the relationship between ACE1 gene polymorphism and COVID-19 severity, but we are still lacking definite results ( Delanghe et al, 2020a ; Devic Pavlic et al, 2020 ; Gemmati et al, 2020 ; Hatami et al, 2020 ). In present study, we observed that individual with ‘DD' genotype showed significantly 3.69-fold higher risk of COVID-19 severity ( P = 0.002, Table 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of I/D polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) gene on the severity of COVID-19 patients

Verma

Abbas

Verma

et al. 2021

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has first emerged from China in December 2019 and causes coronavirus induced disease 19 (COVID19). Since then researchers worldwide have been struggling to detect the possible pathogenesis of this disease. COVID19 showed a wide range of clinical behavior from asymptomatic to severe acute respiratory disease syndrome. However, the etiology of susceptibility to severe lung injury is not yet fully understood. Angiotensin-converting enzyme1 (ACE1) convert angiotensin I into Angiotensin II that was further metabolized by ACE 2 (ACE2). The binding ACE2 receptor to SARS-CoV-2 facilitate its enter into the host cell. The interaction and imbalance between ACE1 and ACE2 play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of lung injury. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association of ACE1 I/D polymorphism with severity of Covid-19. The study included RT-PCR confirmed 269 cases of Covid-19. All cases were genotyped for ACE1 I/D polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction and followed by statistical analysis (SPSS, version 15.0). We found that ACE1 DD genotype, frequency of D allele, older age (≥46 years), unmarried status, and presence of diabetes and hypertension were significantly higher in severe COVID19 patient. ACE1 ID genotype was significantly independently associated with high socio-economic COVID19 patients (OR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.331–4.609). These data suggest that the ACE1 genotype may impact the incidence and clinical outcome of COVID-19 and serve as a predictive marker for COVID-19 risk and severity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of I/D polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) gene on the severity of COVID-19 patients

Verma

Abbas

Verma

et al. 2021

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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“…Epidemiological studies in European, North African, and Asian settings have found significant positive correlations between D-allele prevalence and COVID-19 infection and mortality rates at the population level. [8][9][10][11]27 While it is not practical at present to determine the ACE genotype of large cohorts of COVID-19 patients, the prevalence of the D-allele is known to vary geographically and is highest in Africa and the Middle East. 28 Therefore, race may serve as a proxy for probability of D-allele carrier status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6][7] Epidemiological analyses have suggested that polymorphisms in the ACE gene, which encodes the angiotensin converting enzyme 1 (ACE1), are related to the incidence and mortality from COVID-19 at the national level. [8][9][10][11] The insertion (I) or deletion (D) of a 287 base pair sequence in intron 16 of the ACE gene results in three possible genotypes: DD or II homozygotes, or ID heterozygotes. The D allele has been associated with increased ACE1 expression in a dose-dependent manner, such that compared to II homozyogtes, ID heterozygotes and DD homozygotes have 31% and 65% more ACE1 protein expression in blood serum, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of in-hospital use of ACE-I/ARB and COVID-19 outcomes in African American population

Sarangarajan²,

Jun

et al. 2021

Preprint

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(325 words) Importance: The ACE D allele is more prevalent among African Americans (AA) compared to other races/ethnicities and has previously been associated with severe COVID-19 pathogenesis through excessive ACE1 activity. ACE-I/ARBs may counteract this mechanism, but their association with COVID-19 outcomes has not been specifically tested in the AA population. Objectives: To determine whether the use of ACE-I/ARBs is associated with COVID-19 in-hospital mortality in AA compared with non-AA population. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this observational, retrospective study, patient-level data were extracted from the Mount Sinai Health System (MSHS) electronic medical record (EMR) database, and 6,218 patients with a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis from February 24 to May 31, 2020 were identified as ACE-I/ARB users. Exposures: Patients with an active prescription from January 1, 2019 up to the date of admission for ACE-I/ARB (outpatient use) and patients administered ACE-I/ARB during hospitalization (in-hospital use) were identified. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, assessed in the entire, AA, and non-AA population. Results: Of the 6,218 COVID-19 patients, 1,138 (18.3%) were ACE-I/ARB users. In a multivariate logistic regression model, ACE-I/ARB use was independently associated with reduced risk of in-hospital mortality in the entire population (OR, 0.655; 95% CI, 0.505-0.850; P=0.001), AA population (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.249-0.779; P=0.005), and non-AA population (OR, 0.748, 95% CI, 0.553-1.012, P=0.06). In the AA population, in-hospital use of ACE-I/ARBs was associated with improved mortality (OR, 0.378; 95% CI, 0.188-0.766; P=0.006) while outpatient use was not (OR, 0.889; 95% CI, 0.375-2.158; P=0.812). When analyzing each medication class separately, ARB in-hospital use was significantly associated with reduced in-hospital mortality in the AA population (OR, 0.196; 95% CI, 0.074-0.516; P=0.001), while ACE-I use was not associated with impact on mortality in any population. Conclusion and Relevance: In-hospital use of ARBs was associated with a significant reduction in in-hospital mortality among COVID-19-positive AA patients. These results support further investigation of ARBs to improve outcomes in AA patients at high risk for COVID-19-related mortality.

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“…Notwhistanding, host factors and population heterogeneity can contribute significantly to variability in cross reactivity and susceptibility to infection, specially due to the major histocompatibility complex antigen loci (MHC-HLA) [ 84 ] and possibly to polymorphisms in the gene ACE2 that encodes the receptor used for virus entry into host cells. The latter has been subject of controversial debate and need more studies to reach a conclusion [ 85 ]. MHC class I HLA-B*46:01 genotype was shown to have the fewest predicted binding peptides for SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that individuals with this allele may be particularly vulnerable to COVID-19, as they were previously shown to be for SARS.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Infection and Sars-cov-2-induced Human Immune Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of virus genetic variability and host immunity for the success of COVID-19 vaccines

Santos

2021

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

100

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ACE polymorphism and COVID-19 outcome

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Impact of I/D polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) gene on the severity of COVID-19 patients

Impact of I/D polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) gene on the severity of COVID-19 patients

Association of in-hospital use of ACE-I/ARB and COVID-19 outcomes in African American population

Impact of virus genetic variability and host immunity for the success of COVID-19 vaccines

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