ACE2 gene polymorphisms and invasively measured central pulse pressure in cardiac patients indicated for coronarography

Abstract

Background and aim: The objective of this research was to determine whether invasively measured central pulse pressure (PP) in patients indicated for coronarography is associated with two common polymorphisms in the ACE2 region (rs4646156 and rs4646174). Methods: A total of 307 patients were enrolled in the study. The genotyping of both SNPs from peripheral blood samples was carried out using 5′exonuclease (Taqman®) chemistry on the ABI Prism® 7000 system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). Results: In both polymorphisms, the associations with central PP were found to be highly significant when all five possible genotypes in the population had been compared (p = 0.0001). In men, there was a higher incidence of previous myocardial infarction in G0 genotype carriers of rs54646174 (OR ratio = 7; p = 0.005). The AA genotype of rs4646156 had a 7.81× higher risk of severe angina pectoris in women (OR = 7.81, p = 0.05). A significant difference in allelic frequency of ACE2rs4646174 was found between women with and without significant stenoses of the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery. Conclusion: More research into the role of ACE2 genetic variability in PP regulations is necessary for more detailed physiological and pathophysiological comprehension of PP regulation.

A narrative review of prehypertension and the cardiovascular system: effects and potential pathogenic mechanisms

“…Chronic activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was shown to underlie HTN, insulin resistance, and cardiac diseases (58,59). In addition, the RAS may contribute to the atherosclerotic process via angiotensin II, which acts as a proinflammatory mediator to induce atherosclerotic plaque development and exacerbate endothelial dysfunction (60). Blockade of the RAS can delay the transition of PHTN to HTN (61).…”

Prehypertension: Underlying pathology and therapeutic options

“…Also, chronic activation of the RAS was shown to underlie HTN, insulin resistance, cardiac and renal disease, and polycystic ovarian syndrome and it serves as a link between obesity and low-grade systematic inflammation [76][77][78][79][80] . In addition, it is suggested that RAS contributes to the atherosclerotic process through angiotensin Ⅱ, which acts as a proinflammatory mediator directly inducing atherosclerotic plaque development and heart remodeling and exacerbate endothelial dysfunction [81,82] . On the other hand, blockade of RAS can offer protection from RAS-related metabolic diseases including diabetes [83][84][85][86][87][88] .…”

Clinical impact of echocardiography parameters and molecular biomarkers in heart failure: Correlation of ACE2 and MCP‑1 polymorphisms with echocardiography parameters: A comparative study

“…Research studies have confirmed that ACE2 gene polymorphism rs4646156 is associated with higher left ventricular mass and septal wall thickness, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in men, diabetic-related cardiovascular complications, and a higher risk for severe pectoris angina in women (20,21,(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). ACE2 gene polymorphism rs4646174 is associated with arterial hypertension and is found frequently in patients diagnosed with pectoris angina without significant stenosis of the circumflex artery (25,27).…”