Acesso à cana-de-açúcar na expansão sucroenergética brasileira do pós 2000

Abstract

Esta dissertação é dedicada a meu pai José Marques Filho que através de seu exemplo de altruísmo e integridade desenvolveu em mim o olhar para as questões do desenvolvimento econômico e sua subordinação ao bem estar social e cuidado ambiental. ix AGRADECIMENTOSNesta hora de balanço geral vem o temor de não conseguir ser justa com todos os que me auxiliaram nesta caminhada pelo mestrado. Com certeza cada contato, cada encontro, por informal e desconexo que pareça ser é formador da nossa história neste mundo. Àqueles que de alguma forma influenciaram minha vida para que eu chegasse aqui e agora com esta dissertação, meu "muito obrigada".De qualquer forma, cabe especificar algumas figuras marcantes nesta trajetória.Em primeiro lugar, ao Prof. Bastiaan Reydon pelas orientações na elaboração do trabalho e paciência com as interrupções da pesquisa. Também aos professores do mestrado que moldaram o conhecimento até aqui -Ana Lúcia

Inclusion in sugarcane ethanol expansion

“…to give way to a model of horizontal contracts or "horizontal arrangements" (Lima, 2010) with leases lands, sharecropping and independent suppliers to access sugar cane, favouring more capital liquidity and investment in areas considered core business -the processing of cane and its products (Marques Postal, 2014) . This new investor profile was only possible because of radical changes in the international context such as sugar market trade liberalization (Pinto, 2011), international capital liquidity (Nascimento, 2011) and strong global demand for clean energy (Conejero et al, 2010).…”

“…The second group, usually using high-level aggregated data, argued that the last expansion cycle of the 2000s brought positive impacts in terms of inclusion, which they argued should be considered as a positive outcome in the overall evaluation of this source of energy in the transition to a cleaner energy matrix (Bernardo et al, 2019). The positive outcomes-including a high level of formal employment (Caldarelli & Perdigão, 2018), better working conditions (Moraes et al, 2015) and positive impacts for poverty alleviation (Machado et al, 2015)-were argued to be a result of major international scrutiny of sectoral practices and due to the new configuration of the expansion, with new shareholders profiles and new areas of expansion (Bunde, 2017;A. Marques Postal, 2014;Moraes & Zilberman, 2014).…”

“…The liberalization of markets in a more globalized business context, with environmental objectives (clean and renewable energy, government mandates to produce a cleaner energy matrix) in addition to the international liquidity of capital, attracted a new profile of investors to the sector and, while it allowed for the expansion of markets, it also brought major international scrutiny of sectoral practices and hence improvements (Bunde, 2017;A. Marques Postal, 2014;Moraes & Zilberman, 2014).…”

“…The result of this behavioural change in the sector would put sugarcane as one of the best types of biofuels in terms of inclusion and poverty alleviation as well as environmental aspects of sustainability (Caldarelli et al, 2017;Coelho et al, 2006;Moraes et al, 2015;Rosillo-Calle, 2012b). Table 6 presents how the main drivers influenced the expansion process from 1998 -2012 Source: Adapted by the authors from Marques Postal, (2014) To be aligned with sustainable goals of social inclusion and transition for cleaner energy sources, it is important to see how this value chain is sharing its value better than in the past or 12 Brownfields refer to the expansion through acquisition of existing companies; 13 Greenfields refers to expansion through new companies from scratch. if these changes are perceived by society as generating positive results for community-wide development and not just for an elite with ownership of the sector's assets.…”

“…The debate about renewable fuels and its role in global warming and the environmental limits to world economic growth intensified in the early 2000s. As a possible alternative with regard to climate change and taking advantage of the great liquidity of capital available until the financial crisis of 2008 (Bunde, 2017;A. C. Marques Postal, 2014b), the emergence of large investments in the biofuels sector in Brazil and in the world took place.…”