Acetazolamide in the Treatment of Seizures

Abstract

Acetazolamide is a beneficial adjunctive agent in the pharmacotherapy of epilepsy and should be considered in refractory epilepsy. Although it may be useful in partial, myoclonic, absence, and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures uncontrolled by other marketed agents, acetazolamide has been inadequately studied by current standards and its use has been limited.

Severe Neurologic Impairment in Mice with Targeted Disruption of the Electrogenic Sodium Bicarbonate Cotransporter NBCe2 (Slc4a5 Gene)

“…Changes in CSF acid-base chemistry can potentially affect neuronal excitability (57). Given that CPE cell bicarbonate secretion is carbonic anhydrase-dependent (58), acetazolamide may function as an antiepileptic agent in part through this mechanism (33). The decrease in CSF K ϩ concentration in Slc4a5 Ϫ/Ϫ mice is also of potential pathophysiologic importance because modulation of the CSF K ϩ concentration can significantly affect neuronal excitability (59).…”

“…Furthermore, acetazolamide, an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase activity and choroid plexus bicarbonate transport, has been used clinically to decrease intracranial pressure and as a therapy for seizures (33,34). We therefore tested the whether seizure susceptibility of Slc4a5 Ϫ/Ϫ mice given the chemoconvulsant PTZ differed from wild-type mice.…”

Synthesis and characterization of novel dioxoacridine sulfonamide derivatives as new carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

“…An elevated IOP was formerly synonymous with glaucoma 7 . Sulfonamides, which are powerful CA inhibitors, are now widely used as the drug for the treatment or prevention of a variety of diseases 4,5,[14][15][16] . They are the best known inhibitors of CA enzyme in the treatment of glaucoma in clinical medicine 4,5,15 .…”

Analysis of antiepileptic drugs in biological fluids by means of electrokinetic chromatography

“…Acetazolamide is primarily used in combination therapy with other antiepileptic medications in both children and adults although it may be used as monotherapy [54]. Acetazolamide is a beneficial adjunctive agent in the pharmacotherapy of epilepsy and should be considered in refractory epilepsy.…”

“…Acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of epilepsy since 1953 [54]. Acetazolamide is primarily used in combination therapy with other antiepileptic medications in both children and adults although it may be used as monotherapy [54].…”