Acetolactate synthases <scp>MoIlv2</scp> and <scp>MoIlv6</scp> are required for infection‐related morphogenesis in <i><scp>M</scp>agnaporthe oryzae</i>

Du, Yuguang; Zhang, Haifeng; Li, Hong; Wang, Jiamei; Zheng, Xiaobo

doi:10.1111/mpp.12053

Cited by 58 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…MoRgs proteins have regulatory roles in responses to nutrients and exogenous nitrogen sources, and AA could restore the growth defects of various ∆ Morgs mutants. Consistent with the results, a regulatory subunit of acetolactate synthase (ALS) MoIlv6, which was markedly reduced in abundance in the ∆ Morgs7 mutant through the proteomic analysis (Table ), was demonstrated to be a key component of the valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis pathway in our latest report .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Comparative proteomic analyses reveal that the regulators of G-protein signaling proteins regulate amino acid metabolism of the rice blast fungusMagnaporthe oryzae

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2014

Proteomics

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The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae encodes eight regulators of G-protein (GTP-binding protein) signaling (RGS) proteins MoRgs1-MoRgs8 that orchestrate the growth, asexual/sexual production, appressorium differentiation, and pathogenicity. To address the mechanisms by which MoRgs proteins function, we conducted a 2DE proteome study and identified 82 differentially expressed proteins by comparing five ∆Morgs mutants with wild-type Guy11 strain. We found that the abundances of eight amino acid (AA) biosynthesis or degradation associated proteins were markedly altered in five ∆Morgs mutants, indicating one of the main collective roles for the MoRgs proteins is to influence AA metabolism. We showed that MoRgs proteins have distinct roles in AA metabolism and nutrient responses from growth assays. In addition, we characterized MoLys20 (Lys is lysine), a homocitrate synthase, whose abundance was significantly decreased in the ∆Morgs mutants. The ∆Molys20 mutant is auxotrophic for lys and exogenous lys could partially rescue its auxotrophic defects. Deletion of MoLYS20 resulted in defects in conidiation and infection, as well as pathogenicity on rice. Overall, our results indicate that one of the critical roles for MoRgs proteins is to regulate AA metabolism, and that MoLys20 may be directly or indirectly regulated by MoRgs and participated in lys biosynthesis, thereby affecting fungal development and pathogenicity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Comparative proteomic analyses reveal that the regulators of G-protein signaling proteins regulate amino acid metabolism of the rice blast fungusMagnaporthe oryzae

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2014

Proteomics

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“…Nutrient metabolism plays important roles in the growth and differentiation of M. oryzae , which blocks amino acid biosynthesis and causes defects in growth, asexuality, and virulence (Wilson et al, 2012; Du et al, 2013; Yan et al, 2013). In this study, we characterized the CPS large subunit, MoCpa2, in M. oryzae and found that the Δ Mocpa2 mutant could not grow on MM plates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acetolactate synthases (MoIlv2 and MoIlv6) are involved in leucine, isoleucine, and valine biosynthesis, and threonine deaminase (MoIlv1) is involved in isoleucine biosynthesis. All three of these enzymes control the growth, asexual development, and pathogenicity of the rice blast fungus (Du et al, 2013, 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase Subunit MoCpa2 Affects Development and Pathogenicity by Modulating Arginine Biosynthesis in Magnaporthe oryzae

et al. 2016

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Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid that affects physiological and biochemical functions. The CPA2 gene in yeast encodes a large subunit of arginine-specific carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS) and is involved in arginine biosynthesis. Here, an ortholog of yeast CPA2 was identified in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, and was named MoCPA2. MoCpa2 is an 1180-amino acid protein which contains an ATP grasp domain and two CPSase domains. Targeted deletion of MoCPA2 supported its role in de novo arginine biosynthesis in M. oryzae as mutant phenotypes were complemented by arginine but not ornithine. The ΔMocpa2 mutant exhibited defects in asexual development and pathogenicity but not appressorium formation. Further examination revealed that the invasive hyphae of the ΔMocpa2 mutant were restricted mainly to the primary infected cells. In addition, the ΔMocpa2 mutant was unable to induce a plant defense response and had the ability to scavenge ROS during pathogen-plant interactions. Structure analysis revealed that the ATP grasp domain and each CPS domain were indispensable for the proper localization and full function of MoCpa2. In summary, our results indicate that MoCpa2 plays an important role in arginine biosynthesis, and affects growth, conidiogenesis, and pathogenicity. These results suggest that research into metabolism and processes that mediate amino acid synthesis are valuable for understanding M. oryzae pathogenesis.

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“…Recent reports in the rice blast fungus M . oryzae have revealed crucial roles of several BCAA biosynthetic genes in fungal development and full virulence in filamentous fungi [14,18]. We recently identified several Val and Ile biosynthetic genes with distinct but crucial roles in mycelial and conidial morphogenesis, plant infection, and DON biosynthesis in the important wheat head scab fungus F .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two FgLEU2 Genes with Different Roles in Leucine Biosynthesis and Infection-Related Morphogenesis in Fusarium graminearum

et al. 2016

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3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IPMD) encoded by LEU2 is a key enzyme in leucine (Leu) biosynthetic pathway. Analysis of the genome sequence of Fusarium graminearum revealed two paralogous LEU2 genes (designated as FgLEU2A and FgLEU2B) in this fungus and the deduced amino acid sequences of FgLeu2A and FgLeu2B share 45% identity. Targeted disruption of individual FgLEU2A/B gene in F. graminearum assigned a more crucial role of FgLeu2A in Leu biosynthesis as disruption of FgLEU2A resulted in mutant (ΔFgLeu2A-10) that was Leu-auxotrophic and could not grow in minimal medium limited for amino acids, whereas FgLEU2B deletion mutant ΔFgLeu2B-2 was morphologically indistinguishable from the wild type strain PH-1. The growth defects of ΔFgLeu2A-10 could be overcome by exogenous addition of Leu at 0.25 mM. Double deletion of FgLEU2A and FgLEU2B (ΔFgLeu2AB-8) caused a more severe Leu-auxotrophic phenotype as the concentration of Leu exogenously added to medium to rescue the growth defect of ΔFgLeu2AB-8 should be raised to 1.25 mM, indicating a less important but nonnegligible role of FgLeu2B in Leu biosynthesis. Disturb of Leu biosynthesis caused by FgLEU2A deletion leads to slower growth rate, reduced aerial hyphal formation and red pigmentation on PDA plates and completely blocked conidial production and germination. All of the defects above could be overcome by Leu addition or complementation of the full-length FgLEU2A gene. ΔFgLeu2A-10 also showed significantly increased sensitivity to osmotic and oxidative stresses. Pathogenicity assay results showed that virulence of mutants lacking FgLEU2A were dramatically impaired on wheat heads and non-host cherry tomatoes. Additionally, a low level of deoxynivalenol (DON) production of ΔFgLeu2A-10 and ΔFgLeu2AB-8 in wheat kernels was also detected. Taken together, results of this study indicated a crucial role of FgLeu2A and a less important role of FgLeu2B in Leu biosynthesis and fungal infection-related morphogenesis in F. graminearum and FgLeu2A may serve as a potential target for novel antifungal development.

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Acetolactate synthases MoIlv2 and MoIlv6 are required for infection‐related morphogenesis in Magnaporthe oryzae

Cited by 58 publications

References 44 publications

Comparative proteomic analyses reveal that the regulators of G-protein signaling proteins regulate amino acid metabolism of the rice blast fungusMagnaporthe oryzae

Comparative proteomic analyses reveal that the regulators of G-protein signaling proteins regulate amino acid metabolism of the rice blast fungusMagnaporthe oryzae

Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase Subunit MoCpa2 Affects Development and Pathogenicity by Modulating Arginine Biosynthesis in Magnaporthe oryzae

Two FgLEU2 Genes with Different Roles in Leucine Biosynthesis and Infection-Related Morphogenesis in Fusarium graminearum

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