Acetylcholinesterase and α-Amylase inhibitors from Mouriri elliptica Martius leaf extract

Abstract

Population growth has raised food production, and new sources are needed to increase quantity and quality of agricultural products. Carbamates and organophosphates are insecticide classes used worldwide as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. Plants have a natural resistance to insects, which can be employed in pest control as a new alternative to reduce the use of chemicals. An alternative may be the use of α-amylase inhibitors, which are digestive enzymes that impair pest species growth and development. Another would be acetylcholinesterase inhibitors since they damage the normal functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system, by releasing high concentrations of acetylcholine in cholinergic synapses. This substance accumulation increases stimulations that lead to behavioral changes, asphyxia, hyperactivity, and death. Botanical agrochemicals are believed to have advantages over synthetic ones, as they are rapidly degraded in the environment. In this scenario, plants have played an important role in pest control as sources of interest for the synthesis of new molecules for agricultural use. The present study evaluated acetylcholinesterase and α-amylase inhibition by microplate method, from leaf extracts of Mouriri elliptica Martius with different polarities.

Insecticidal and fungicidal activity of Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) essential oil on Atta sexdens colonies

“…AChE inhibition triggers an imbalance because hydrolysis of the ACh in the synapses does not occur. This causes an abnormally large accumulation of ACh, resulting in large nerve stimulation, which leads to behavioral shifts, asphyxiation, hyperactivity, and finally death [53].…”

Medicinal plants with potential antihypertensive properties: emphasis on natural products from the Brazilian Cerrado

“…Gastroprotective, antiulcerogenic and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity (Moleiro et al 2009), inhibition of alphaamylases and acetylcholinesterase (Silva et al 2020) Terpenes and flavonoids to the antioxidant potential and increases the production of endogenous NO (Andréo 2008) Fava-de-anta (Dimorphandra mollis)…”

“…Flavonoids (Petacci et al 2010) Gastroprotective, antiulcerogenic and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity (Moleiro et al 2009), inhibition of alphaamylases and acetylcholinesterase (Silva et al 2020) Terpenes and flavonoids to the antioxidant potential and increases the production of endogenous NO (Andréo 2008) Table 1. Brazilian Cerrado species with potential antihypertensive action: main metabolites, recognized medicinal action and secondary metabolites with potential hypotensive action.…”

Fraksinasi Flavonoid Spirulina platensis dengan Metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis dan Aktivitas Inhibisi Enzim α-Glukosidase

“…Hal ini sesuai dengan Daou et al (2022) yang melaporkan bahwa aktivitas inhibisi enzim α-glukosidase oleh komponen ekstrak kasar Tamarix nilotica lebih lemah dari aktivitas inhibisi enzim α-glukosidase oleh komponen hasil fraksinasi, di mana nilai IC50 komponen esktrak kasar 24,8 μg/mL, sedangkan nilai IC50 komponen fraksi mencapai 5,21 μg/mL. Silva et al (2020) juga melaporkan bahwa komponen fraksinasi dari Mouriri elliptica Martius memiliki aktivitas penghambatan (IC50) enzim acetylcholinesterase dan α-amilase yang jauh lebih tinggi daripada aktivitas penghambataan oleh komponen ekstrak kasarnya. Sehingga perlu dilakukan fraksinasi, pemisahan dan pemurnian senyawa dari ekstrak biomassa Spirulina platensis untuk mengetahui lebih jauh kemampuan penghambatan terhadap enzim α-glukosidase.…”