Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) induces resistance to tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco

White, R. F.

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(79)90019-9

Cited by 688 publications

(362 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This disparity in ability to block ethylene biosynthesis contrasts sharply with observations ofbenzoic acid activity equal to or stronger than that of SA in flower induction (10,26), vegetative growth (12), and disease resistance (27), suggesting different mechanisms may be involved.…”

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confidence: 58%

Inhibition of Ethylene Biosynthesis by Salicylic Acid

Leslie¹,

Romani²

1988

Plant Physiol.

237

103

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ABSTRACISalicylic acid inhibited ethylene formation from ACC in self-buffered (pH 3.8) pear (Pyrus communis) cell suspension cultures with a K1'PP of about 10 micromolar after 1 to 3 hours incubation. Inhibition appeared noncompetitive. Among 22 related phenolic compounds tested, only acetylsalicylic acid showed similar levels of inhibition. Inhibition by salicylic acid was inversely dependent on the pH of the culture medium and did not require a continuous external supply of salicylate. When compared to known inhibitors of the ethylene forming enzyme, cobalt, n-propyl gallate, and dinitrophenol, inhibition by salicylic acid most closely resembled that by dinitrophenol but salicylic acid did not produce the same degree of respiratory stimulation. Results are discussed in terms of other known effects of salicylic acid on plants, pH-dependency, and the possible influence of salicylic acid on electron transport.Applications of SA2 and ASA to plants have been shown to influence a wide variety of biological processes including flower stimulation (12), vegetative bud formation (4), adventitious root initiation (13), disease resistance (25), stomate function (15), and heat production (24). Recently Leslie and Romani (16) further demonstrated that these compounds strongly reduce the conversion of ACC to ethylene in pear cell suspension cultures, suggesting they inhibit EFE, the putative terminal enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis. Rapid inhibition, proportional to the concentration of SA or ASA in the medium, maximized within 2 h and was followed by a slower reversal requiring a period of hours to days. This paper further characterizes this inhibition and compares SA activity to that of several previously demonstrated EFE inhibitors. under continuous light at room temperature. Experimental additions or manipulations were made following a minimum 1-h equilibration period. ACC was routinely added to increase ethylene production and amplify the effects of SA or other inhibitors. It has been shown, however, that SA inhibits both endogenous and ACC-stimulated ethylene production (16). MATERIALS AND METHODSIn experiments calling for pH adjustment all culture aliquots were supplemented with 40 mm phosphate buffer and pH was adjusted with HCI or KOH as needed. At this level the P04 did not itselfaffect ethylene production. For SA removal, the cultures were centrifuged (International model HN, swinging bucket rotor) at 1000g for 5 min, the supernatant discarded, and the cells gently resuspended in medium of appropriate pH without SA.Ethylene measurements were a modification of the procedure used by Puschman and Romani (21). The 125 mL culture flasks were flushed with a vigorous air flow and capped for 30 min with rubber septa. Six mL head space samples were collected by syringe and ethylene concentrations measured by flame ionization gas chromatography using a Carle model 211 analytical gas chromatograph fitted with an alumina column held at 80°C and employing N2 as a carrier gas.Respiration readings employed an IR CO2 analyzer (H...

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confidence: 58%

Inhibition of Ethylene Biosynthesis by Salicylic Acid

Leslie¹,

Romani²

1988

Plant Physiol.

237

103

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“…Embora com pequenas discordâncias Métraux et al, (1991) têm assumido que SAR envolve o acúmulo de PRPs (Proteínas Relacionadas com Patogênese) como mecanismos induzidos de defesa da planta, sendo a indução salicilatodependente (White, 1979;Métraux et al, 1991;Palva et al, 1994;López-López et al, 1995;Andarwulan e Shetty, 1999) e podendo resultar em alterações na planta que a sofreu; geralmente é induzida por patógenos ou ativadores químicos.…”

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Ácido salicílico em sementes de calêndula (Calendula officinalis L.) sob diferentes estresses

Carvalho

Neto

Custódio

2007

Rev. bras. sementes

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As plantas sofrem agressões por agentes bióticos e abióticos e apesar de não apresentarem defesas através de movimentos ágeis, podem ocorrer adaptações e profundas alterações no metabolismo celular, entre elas a síntese de proteínas de defesas, ativada através de mecanismos complexos. A aplicação exógena ou o estímulo à síntese endógena de ácidos orgânicos como o ácido salicílico, pode agir como indutor de proteínas de tolerância aos diferentes estresses, bem como para elevar a atividade de enzimas de desintoxicação celular, especialmente às envolvidas na degradação de radicais ativos oxigenados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito do ácido salicílico sobre a germinação e o vigor de sementes de calêndula (Calendula officinalis L.) em condições ideais e sob estresse térmico e hídrico. As sementes foram colocadas para germinar em papel embebido em soluções crescentes de ácido salicílico (zero, 0,0125, 0,025, 0,05, 0,1 e 0,2mM); medindo-se as variáveis: percentagem de germinação; índice de velocidade de germinação e primeira contagem da germinação. Ficou constatado através do teste de Tukey que apenas a germinação foi significativa, sendo que as melhores dosagens de sementes germinadas ficou entre 0,025 e 0,05mM de ácido salicílico. Três outros experimentos foram feitos, um com água acidulada aos pH respectivos às concentrações de ácido salicílico (6,0; 4,8; 4,2; 3,6 e 3,2), um com diferentes potenciais hídricos induzidos por manitol (0; -0,3; -0,6; -0,9 e -1,2MPa), e outro com temperaturas (20, 25, 30 e 35ºC). O ácido salicílico na dose de 0,025mM interferiu positivamente na percentagem de germinação e no índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes da calêndula em condições ideais e sob efeito de estresse hídrico e térmico a 35º.

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“…115, 1997. In tobacco and Arabidopsis exogenous application of SA activates both SAR and SAR gene expression (White, 1979;Ward et al, 1991;Uknes et al, 1992). Moreover, transgenic NahG plants, which are unable to accumulate elevated levels of SA due to expression of a bacterial salicylate hydroxylase, were found to be incapable of mounting an SAR response (Gaffney et al, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effects of Salicylic Acid and Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection on the Alternative Oxidase of Tobacco

et al. 1997

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Salicylic acid (SA) is a signal in systemic acquired resistance and an inducer of the alternative oxidase protein in tobacco (Nicofiana tabacum cv Xanthi nc) cell suspensions and during thermogenesis i n aroid spadices. The effects of SA on the levels of alternative oxidase protein and the pathogenesis-related l a mRNA (a marker for systemic acquired resistance), and on the partitioning of electrons between the Cyt and alternative pathways were investigated in tobacco. Leaves were treated with 1.0 mM SA and mitochondria isolated at times between 1 h and 3 d after treatment. Alternative oxidase protein increased 2.5-fold within 5 h, reached a maximum (9-fold) after 12 h, and remained at twice the level of control plants after 3 d. Measurements of isotope fractionation of '*O by intact leaf tissue gave a value of 23% at all times, identical to that of control plants, indicating a constant 27 to 30% of electron-flow partitioning to the alternative oxidase independent of treatment with SA. Transgenic NahC tobacco p!ants that express bacterial salicylate hydroxylase and possess very low levels of SA gave a fractionation of 23% and showed control levels of alternative oxidase protein, suggesting that steady-state alternative oxidase accumulates i n an SA-independent manner. lnfection of plants with tobacco mosaic virus resulted in an increase in alternative oxidase protein in both infected and systemic leaves, but no increase was observed in comparably infected NahC plants. Total respiration rate and partitioning of electrons to the alternative pathway in virus-infected plants was comparable to that in uninfected controls.

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Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) induces resistance to tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco

Cited by 688 publications

References 8 publications

Inhibition of Ethylene Biosynthesis by Salicylic Acid

Inhibition of Ethylene Biosynthesis by Salicylic Acid

Ácido salicílico em sementes de calêndula (Calendula officinalis L.) sob diferentes estresses

The Effects of Salicylic Acid and Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection on the Alternative Oxidase of Tobacco

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