“…In cardiac cells, EGFR transactivation has been linked to angiotensin (Rakesh et al, 2010), muscarinic (Krieg et al, 2002;Krieg et al, 2004;Miao et al, 2015), endothelin (Kodama et al, 2002;Chen et al, 2006), opioid (Cao et al, 2005;Cohen et al, 2007;Forster et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2015), bradykinin (Methner et al, 2009), adrenergic (Noma et al, 2007;Grisanti et al, 2014), adenosine (Williams-Pritchard et al, 2011), and sphoingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) (Hofmann et al, 2009) GPCRs, with transactivation via angiotensin II (Ang II) perhaps the most well studied. Several Gq-linked receptors (Ang II, ET-1, -ARs) may promote cardiac hypertrophy/remodelling, whereas transactivation by adenosine, opioid, bradykinin or muscarinic receptors may be protective, enhancing cell survival.…”