Achievements in and Challenges of Tuberculosis Control in South Korea

Kim, Ji Han; Yim, Jae Joon

doi:10.3201/eid2111.141894

Cited by 111 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The proportion of male TB patients accounted for 71.3% from 2008 to 2015 in Chongqing. This gender difference has also been reported in the China national surveys 3 and in other countries and regions 10, 22 . The gender difference may come from biological differences like steroid hormones and genetic variants 23–25 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Chongqing, China: a secular trend from 1992 to 2015

Xie

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Chongqing is a southwest city of China with high tuberculosis (TB) burden. An observational retrospective study has been performed based on routine TB surveillance data in Chongqing from 1992 to 2015. The TB notification rate has declined to 70.8 cases per 100,000 population from the peak of 106 cases per 100,000 in 2005. The TB notification rate in population over-65 years has become the highest among all-ages population since 2010. The average proportion of farmers in all notified cases from 2008 to 2015 was 62.5%, and the notification rate of farmers has become the highest among all occupations since 2011. The TB notification showed a regional disparity in Chongqing. Despite the improvement achieved since 1992, the TB control efforts has been threatened by new challenges such as the demographic shift towards an aging population, the prevalence of MDR-TB and TB/HIV co-infection, and the regional disparity of TB notification. More effective interventions should be implemented. Our study can serve as a guidance for the future development of TB control in Chongqing, and we believe it has general relevance to TB control in other regions with similar situations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Chongqing, China: a secular trend from 1992 to 2015

Xie

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Although economic growth has brought a greater national capacity for disease control, the incidence of tuberculosis in South Korea remains the highest among high-income countries [17]. All staff for the transplantation study had received the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination due to high rates of tuberculosis exposure in the general population in Korea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections in cynomolgus monkey transplant recipients and institution of a screening program for the prevention and control of tuberculosis

et al. 2016

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BackgroundTuberculosis is a major health concern in not only humans, but also in non-human primates. In this paper, we report recent cases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cynomolgus monkeys from Cambodia used in transplantation research in a Korean facility and describe a program instituted to prevent and control subsequent infections.Case presentationAll monkeys were antibody negative for tuberculosis during quarantine; however, suspected tuberculosis gross lesions were observed in two cynomolgus monkeys who underwent allograft kidney transplantation. Lung tissue from one monkey was found to be weakly positive by PCR for detection of M. tuberculosis. After PCR confirmation of tuberculosis, we decided to sacrifice the remaining animals and instituted a program for preventing subsequent infections. During necropsy of the remaining monkeys, two additional suspected tuberculosis cases were observed. A total of four monkeys with nodular lesions in the respiratory tract, suspected to be tuberculosis, demonstrated no clinical signs. Acid-fast bacilli were identified on slides from the lung or liver in all four monkeys. Two of four monkeys tested PCR positive. We decided that new monkeys entering from Cambodia should undergo a single gastric aspiration PCR and tuberculin skin testing (TST) every 2 weeks until four consecutive negatives to detect latent tuberculosis are obtained before starting experiments. Monkeys should then undergo a chest X-ray monthly and TST every 6 months.ConclusionsDetection of latent tuberculosis by an effective preventive screening program before starting experiments is an essential process to reduce the risk of reactivation of tuberculosis, especially in studies using immunosuppressive drugs. It also serves to protect the health of captive non-human primates, their caretakers and researchers.

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“…It has resulted in lower follow up loss rate (6.6%) (treatment default rate) for PPM enrolled patients than that for controls (22.9%), resulting in better treatment outcomes (91.6% vs. 71.8%) 34. However, there has been no report about treatment behaviors of immigrants in South Korea, including the effectiveness of PPM for these immigrants from the viewpoint of treatment outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social and Clinical Characteristics of Immigrants with Tuberculosis in South Korea

et al. 2017

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PurposeTo determine the social and clinical characteristics of immigrants with tuberculosis (TB) in South Korea.Materials and MethodsThe registered adult TB patients who were diagnosed and treated in Korea Medical Centers from January 2013 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 105 immigrants with TB were compared to 932 native Korean TB patients.ResultsAmong these 105 immigrants with TB, 86 (82%) were Korean-Chinese. The rate of drug-susceptible TB were lower in the immigrants group than in the native Korean group [odds ratio (OR): 0.46; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22–0.96, p=0.035]. Cure rate was higher in the immigrant group than in the native Korean group (OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.26–3.28, p=0.003). Treatment completion rate was lower in the immigrant group than in the native Korean group (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.33–0.74, p=0.001). However, treatment success rate showed no significant difference between two groups (p=0.141). Lost to follow up (default) rate was higher in the immigrant group than in the native Korean group after adjusting for age and drug resistance (OR: 3.61; 95% CI: 1.36–9.61, p=0.010). There was no difference between defaulter and non-defaulter in clinical characteristics or types of visa among these immigrants (null p value). However, 43 TB patients with recent immigration were diagnosed as TB even though they had been screened as normal at the time of immigration.ConclusionEndeavor to reduce the default rate of immigrants with TB and reinforce TB screening during the immigration process must be performed for TB infection control in South Korea.

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Achievements in and Challenges of Tuberculosis Control in South Korea

Abstract: Despite astounding economic growth and TB control efforts, incidence remains the highest among high-income countries.

Cited by 111 publications

References 19 publications

Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Chongqing, China: a secular trend from 1992 to 2015

Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Chongqing, China: a secular trend from 1992 to 2015

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections in cynomolgus monkey transplant recipients and institution of a screening program for the prevention and control of tuberculosis

Social and Clinical Characteristics of Immigrants with Tuberculosis in South Korea

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