Achievements in Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Nowadays, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) are envisaged as promising candidates in the field of bioceramics for bone tissue regeneration. This is ascribed to their singular chemical composition, structural and textural properties and easy-to-functionalize surface, giving rise to accelerated bioactive responses and capacity for local drug delivery. Since their discovery at the beginning of the 21st century, pioneering research efforts focused on the design and fabrication of MBGs with optimal compositional, textural and structural properties to elicit superior bioactive behavior. The current trends conceive MBGs as multitherapy systems for the treatment of bone-related pathologies, emphasizing the need of fine-tuning surface functionalization. Herein, we focus on the recent developments in MBGs for biomedical applications. First, the role of MBGs in the design and fabrication of three-dimensional scaffolds that fulfil the highly demanding requirements for bone tissue engineering is outlined. The different approaches for developing multifunctional MBGs are overviewed, including the incorporation of therapeutic ions in the glass composition and the surface functionalization with zwitterionic moieties to prevent bacterial adhesion. The bourgeoning scientific literature on MBGs as local delivery systems of diverse therapeutic cargoes (osteogenic/antiosteoporotic, angiogenic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antitumor agents) is addressed. Finally, the current challenges and future directions for the clinical translation of MBGs are discussed.

Quercetin-loaded mesoporous nano-delivery system remodels osteoimmune microenvironment to regenerate alveolar bone in periodontitis via the miR-21a-5p/PDCD4/NF-κB pathway

“…In recent decades, it has been demonstrated that MBGs as drug carriers have the potential to repair bone defects, augment local drug concentrations, improve drug efficacy, reduce dosing frequency, and minimize side effects [ 29 , 30 ]. Quercetin, as a hydrophobic biologically active agent with low oral bioavailability and broad first-pass effect.…”

Recent Developments in Nanoparticle Formulations for Resveratrol Encapsulation as an Anticancer Agent

“…Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) nanoparticles have been used for high drug load and targeted therapy approaches. Surface modification techniques, such as functionalization and composite production involving polymers and hydrogels, have been employed to enhance drug-release kinetics [ 233 ]. In one study, gold nanoparticles were incorporated into a BG–chitosan–gelatin composite, resulting in a significantly higher loading for the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) compared to magnetic-core silica nanoparticles [ 234 , 235 ].…”

Nanostructured bioactive glasses: A bird's eye view on cancer therapy

“…As a subgroup of BGs, MBGs are very versatile drug delivery vehicles thanks to their highly ordered porous structure (pore size between 2 and 50 nm) which provides a high SSA (Vallet-Regí et al, 2022). Although these biocompatible materials have been traditionally used in tissue engineering applications, MBGs, either magnetic or nonmagnetic, are now recognized as suitable candidates for cancer therapy.…”