Achievements of the industrial ‘high‐road’ and clustering strategies in Singapore and their relevance to European peripheral economies

Worlding via water: desalination, cluster development and the ‘stickiness’ of commodities

“…The PAP has installed a 'whole-of-government' (interview, 26 March 2013) approach to its clustering programme, whereby umbrella organisations such as the Economic Development Board (EDB) and International Enterprise (IE) Singapore have cooperated with sectoral departments to provide institutional capacity and public investment to encourage the bundling of manufacturing firms, suppliers, service providers and government bodies within its designated growth frontiers (Grunsven and Egeraat, 1999). Since the 2000s, cluster development has become a primary facet of industrial strategy in many countries across the world to enhance national competitiveness, based on close partnerships between private and public organizations in the interests of spatial agglomeration (World Bank 2009).…”

Technology-Intensive Fdi and Economic Development in a Small Country – The Case of Estonia

“…While Denmark is an example of a successful small country whose economic success is based on very strong design and continuous updating of low-tech and mid-tech sectors, the experience of such small countries as Ireland, Singapore, etc. indicates that in a small country with an open economy the strongest and virtually the only possibility to considerably increase the knowledge-intensity of the economy is to implement a targeted foreign investment strategy (O´Connor 2001, Shin 2005, van Grunsven and van Egeraat 1999).…”

Industry Clusters in Ireland: An Application of Porter's Model of National Competitive Advantage to Three Sectors

“…The relevant geographical scale of production systems differs by industry and some are bound to cross national borders (Jacobs, 1995). As a matter of fact, Van Grunsven and Van Egeraat (1999), studying the electronics cluster in Singapore, suggest that the cross-border expansion of the electronics complex has been a necessary element of the upgrading process, facilitating the further development of this (cross-border) cluster. When considering the relevance of their ndings for the Celtic peripheral economies, the authors suggest that it might not be feasible in a small open economy like Ireland's to develop broad and deep (or vertically complete) clusters within the national territory.…”

“…Indeed, there are increasing examples of multinational subsidiaries creating their own 'clusters of foreign-owned activity' in host economies (Morris, 1989;Peck, 1990;Dunning, 1992;Cooke, 1995;Van Grunsven & Van Egeraat, 1999).…”