Achieving a three-dimensional longevity dividend

Scott, Andrew

doi:10.1038/s43587-021-00074-y

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…There are three broad approaches to assigning a dollar value to the gains arising from healthy longevity. The first is to calculate the impact in terms of current and future GDP growth, as longer, healthier, lives lead to an increase in education, employment and productivity, and have the potential to generate an economic longevity dividend (Scott, 2021). The second is to estimate savings in terms of lower health costs and expenditures that arise from reductions in age-related diseases (Fries et al, 1993).…”

Section: Evaluating Gains To Health and Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GDP calculations have appeal to Ministries of Finance, but they require economic models that incorporate shifts in healthy longevity and the various mechanisms through which this influences economic growth, e.g., delayed retirement, greater investments in health and education, influences on innovation, and so on. Successful application of this approach requires the development of a canonical model for the economics of longevity, which is currently absent (Scott, 2021).…”

Section: Evaluating Gains To Health and Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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International Gains to Achieving Healthy Longevity

Scott

Ashwin

Ellison

et al. 2022

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med

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Utilising economic tools, we evaluate the gains from improving the relationship between biological and chronological age in dollar terms. We show that the gains to individuals are substantial because targeting aging exploits synergies between health and life expectancy and the complementarities across different diseases. Gains are boosted by improvements in life expectancy and a rising number of older people. We compute the value of slowing aging in a range of countries and estimate that increasing life expectancy by one year has an annual benefit of around 4-5 per cent of GDP. Augmenting GDP with these measures of health gains reveals the growing importance of achieving healthy longevity as a means of boosting welfare, with the need being particularly acute in the U.S. * Scott and Ashwin are grateful for support from ESRC grant T002204. Sinclair is grateful for support from NIH grants R01AG019719 and the Dalio Foundation. Sinclair's activities outside of Harvard Medical School are at sinclair.hms.harvard.edu/david-sinclairs-affiliations

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Section: Evaluating Gains To Health and Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluating Gains To Health and Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

International Gains to Achieving Healthy Longevity

Scott

Ashwin

Ellison

et al. 2022

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…If adding years to life is the preoccupation of the 20th century, adding life to years has become a major aspiration for the 21st century. Pursuing healthy and productive ageing has emerged as the main paradigm and policy agenda to regain a “three‐dimensional longevity dividend,” conceptualized by Scott [ 3 ] as a positive correlation between LE, health, and the economy (or productivity).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of healthy aging in China, 2000–2019

Zhao

2022

Health Care Science

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In 2021, China became an aged society when the share of its elderly population (age 65 years and above) exceeded 14%. In China, as in other upper-middle-income and high-income countries, life expectancy gains are increasingly concentrated at older ages with below-average health and economic activity. Governments worldwide are hence actively pursuing healthy and productive aging. Healthy aging by some measures is taking place. Similar with other upper-middle-income countries, China's young old in their 60s are healthier than the same age group two decades ago. The picture is more complex for the older age group (70 years and above). Although there is a substantial decline in leading disease burdens such as stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diseases such as Alzheimer's and other dementia are on the rise. To meet the challenge of a rapidly aging population, China's healthy aging agenda should improve its multipronged approach that seeks to promote healthy lifestyles, enhance the healthcare system, create agefriendly communities, and tackle socioeconomic and health disparities.

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“…The projected health and financial benefits to people and societies from successful efforts to slow down the biological processes of aging are known as the "longevity dividend (Olshansky, 2021)." Along the lines of longevity dividend Scott (2021) asserted that in high-income nations, life expectancy increases are increasingly happening in later years. Therefore, there are already active efforts to use the malleability of age and the extra time longevity provides.…”

Section: Concentrating On Human Capitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, significant obstacles still exist. From a socioeconomic perspective of the longevity dividend notion, Scott (2021) proposes that a positive association exists between three variables: life expectancy, health, and economic output. Under that view, the economic challenges of an aging society must be mitigated by investing in a longevity dividend to embrace a new way of life.…”

Section: Concentrating On Human Capitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Older Adults' Age Cohorts Time-Use Behavior and Preferences for Leisure Activities: Moderation by Sex and Mediation by Employment Status

Rivera-Torres

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The objectives of the present dissertation were: (1) determine the relationships between time use in physical vs social leisure activities (PLA - SLA), and cognitive vs emotional leisure activities (CLA - ELA) by older adults age cohort (60-69, 70-79 and 80-plus yrs.); (2) ascertain the role of sex in moderating the relationship between time use in PLA-SLA and CLA-ELA by older adults age cohort; and (3) assess how employment status mediates the relationship between time use in PLA-SLA and CLA-ELA by older adults age cohort with moderation by sex. Secondary data was obtained from the 2019 American Time Use Survey database. Applying a cross-sectional design, data were analyzed using a linear regression model in SPSS version 27 and PROCESS Macro with Hayes Model 1 and 59. We identified the extent of the conditional indirect moderation effect of sex and the indirect employment status mediation effect moderated by sex in the relationship between PLA-SLA and CLA-ELA by older adult age cohorts. An index of moderated mediation was used to test the significance of each effect. The 80-plus yrs. cohort SLA time use was greater than in PLA across cohorts. Sex moderation showed a stronger effect in men by substantially decreasing their engagement time in PLA than in women across cohorts. A non-significant moderated mediation effect in SLA and PLA across age cohorts was observed. Women had the lowest minutes of engagement in both ELA and CLA compared to men. Sex moderation showed a more substantial negative effect on ELA and CLA in men than women. Finally, a significant moderated mediation effect in ELA and CLA across age cohorts was observed, where the mediation effect was stronger for males than females. Our findings indicate age cohort and sex effects on time engagement in both SLA-PLA and ELA-CLA, likely tied to sex roles that amplify at an older age. Sex effects in both ELA and CLA by age cohort appear not immutable in the life span and to equate among the oldest old, suggesting compression of leisure use in later years of life. Work participation is important for ELA and CLA among older adults, but not their SLA and PLA, which is likely explained by the loss of workplace social networks with retirement. Our findings suggest a need for aging well-being policies and initiatives to focus on older adults leisure participation variations within cohorts by sex and work life for optimally targeted interventions.

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Achieving a three-dimensional longevity dividend

Abstract: Achieving a three dimensional longevity dividend.

Cited by 13 publications

References 59 publications

International Gains to Achieving Healthy Longevity

International Gains to Achieving Healthy Longevity

A review of healthy aging in China, 2000–2019

Older Adults' Age Cohorts Time-Use Behavior and Preferences for Leisure Activities: Moderation by Sex and Mediation by Employment Status

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