Achieving Aichi Biodiversity Target 11 to improve the performance of protected areas and conserve freshwater biodiversity

Juffe‐Bignoli, Diego; Harrison, Ian; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; Flitcroft, Rebecca; Hermoso, Virgilio; Jonas, Harry; Lukasiewicz, Anna; Thieme, Michele; Turak, Eren; Bingham, Heather; Dalton, James; Darwall, William; Deguignet, Marine; Dudley, Nigel; Gardner, Royal C.; Higgins, Jonathan; Kumar, Ritesh; Linke, Simon; Milton, G. Randy; Pittock, Jamie; Smith, Kevin G.; Soesbergen, Arnout van

doi:10.1002/aqc.2638

Cited by 76 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The potential for protected areas to work as freshwater ecosystem refugia and to be effective is highly dependent on the broader context in which they are located (Juffe‐Bignoli et al, ). Given the highly connected nature of freshwater systems, they are particularly vulnerable to the propagation of threats from upstream and upland activities (Fausch, Torgersen, Baxter, & Li, ; Poff et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing conservation priorities of endemic freshwater fishes in the Tropical Andes region

Tognelli

Anderson

Jiménez‐Segura

et al. 2018

Aquatic Conservation

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Assessing the effectiveness of protected areas for sustaining species and identifying priority sites for their conservation is vital for decision making, particularly for freshwater fishes in South America, the global centre of freshwater fish diversity. Several conservation planning studies have used threatened freshwater fishes or species that are vulnerable to climate change as conservation targets, but none has included both in priority‐setting analysis. The objectives of this study were to identify gaps in the coverage of the existing protected areas in representing the endemic freshwater fishes of the Tropical Andes region, and to identify conservation priority areas that adequately cover threatened species and species vulnerable to climate change. Data on 648 freshwater fishes from the Tropical Andes were used to identify gaps in the protected area coverage, and to identify conservation priority sites under three scenarios: (i) prioritize threatened species; (ii) prioritize species that are vulnerable to climate change; and (iii) prioritize both threatened species and species vulnerable to climate change. A total of 571 species (88% of all species) were not covered by any protected areas; most of them are restricted to ≤10 catchments. To represent both threatened species and species vulnerable to climate change in the third scenario, 635 catchments were identified as priority areas, representing 26.5% of the study area. The number of irreplaceable catchments for this scenario is 475, corresponding to 22.5% of the total area. The results of this study could be crucial for designing strategies for the effective protection of native fish populations in the Tropical Andes, and for planning proactive climate adaptation. It is hoped that the identification of priority areas, particularly irreplaceable catchments, will help to guide conservation and management decisions in the Andean region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing conservation priorities of endemic freshwater fishes in the Tropical Andes region

Tognelli

Anderson

Jiménez‐Segura

et al. 2018

Aquatic Conservation

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“…Deducing the main stressors acting upon the habitats of aquatic species may allow for the development of mitigation measures, the refinement of regional development plans, or the adoption of new paradigms in the management and protection of aquatic habitats [118]. With proper management and conservation strategies these habitats could become hydrologic refugia for endemic aquatic species [119].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Cover, Land Use, and Climate Change Impacts on Endemic Cichlid Habitats in Northern Tanzania

Kalácska

Arroyo‐Mora

Lucanus³

et al. 2017

Remote Sensing

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Abstract:Freshwater ecosystems are among the most threatened on Earth, facing environmental and anthropogenic pressures often surpassing their terrestrial counterparts. Land use and land cover change (LUCC) such as degradation and fragmentation of the terrestrial landscape negatively impacts aquatic ecosystems. Satellite imagery allows for an impartial assessment of the past to determine habitat alterations. It can also be used as a forecasting tool in the development of species conservation strategies through models based on ecological factors extracted from imagery.In this study, we analyze Landsat time sequences to quantify LUCC around three freshwater ecosystems with endemic cichlids in Tanzania. In addition, we examine population growth, agricultural expansion, and climate change as stressors that impact the habitats. We found that the natural vegetation cover surrounding Lake Chala decreased from 15.5% (1984) to 3.5% (2015). At Chemka Springs, we observed a decrease from 7.4% to 3.5% over the same period. While Lake Natron had minimal LUCC, severe climate change impacts have been forecasted for the region. Subsurface water data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite observations further show a decrease in water resources for the study areas, which could be exacerbated by increased need from a growing population and an increase in agricultural land use.

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“…Simply establishing APAs in either realm does not ensure their success, which requires monitoring, evaluation, and adaptive management as needed. While the importance of monitoring has become widely recognized in the marine realm, leading to the creation of established monitoring guidelines and resources (Bunce, Townsley, Pomeroy, & Pollnac, ; Hoon et al, ; Pomeroy, Watson, Parks, & Cid, ), few such resources exist for the freshwater realm (Hermoso, Abell, Linke, & Boon, ; Juffe‐Bignoli et al, ). Therefore, there is a need to transfer lessons learned from the monitoring of MPAs to develop tools and guidelines specific to monitoring the effectiveness of FPAs (Table ).…”

Section: Theme 3: Effectiveness Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salty stories, fresh spaces: Lessons for aquatic protected areas from marine and freshwater experiences

Loury

Ainsley

Bower

et al. 2017

Aquatic Conservation

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Marine protected areas (MPAs) and freshwater protected areas (FPAs), collectively aquatic protected areas (APAs), share many commonalities in their design, establishment, and management, suggesting great potential for sharing lessons learned. However, surprisingly little has been exchanged to date, and both realms of inquiry and practice have progressed mostly independent of each other. This paper builds on a session held at the 7th World Fisheries Congress in Busan, South Korea, in May 2016, which explored crossover lessons between marine and freshwater realms, and included case studies of four MPAs and five FPAs (or clusters of FPAs) from nine countries. This review uses the case studies to explore similarities, differences, and transferrable lessons between MPAs and FPAs under five themes: (1) ecological system; (2) establishment approaches; (3) effectiveness monitoring; (4) sustaining APAs; and (5) challenges and external threats. Ecological differences between marine and freshwater environments may necessitate different approaches for collecting species and habitat data to inform APA design, establishment and monitoring, but once collected, similar spatial ecological tools can be applied in both realms. In contrast, many similarities exist in the human dimension of both MPA and FPA establishment and management, highlighting clear opportunities for exchanging lessons related to stakeholder engagement and support, and for using similar socio‐economic and governance assessment methods to address data gaps in both realms. Regions that implement MPAs and FPAs could work together to address shared challenges, such as developing mechanisms for diversified and sustained funding, and employing integrated coastal/watershed management to address system‐level threats. Collaboration across realms could facilitate conservation of diadromous species in both marine and freshwater habitats. Continued exchange and increased collaboration would benefit both realms, and may be facilitated by defining shared terminology, holding cross‐disciplinary conferences or sessions, publishing inclusive papers, and proposing joint projects.

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Achieving Aichi Biodiversity Target 11 to improve the performance of protected areas and conserve freshwater biodiversity

Abstract: The Strategic

Cited by 76 publications

References 83 publications

Assessing conservation priorities of endemic freshwater fishes in the Tropical Andes region

Assessing conservation priorities of endemic freshwater fishes in the Tropical Andes region

Land Cover, Land Use, and Climate Change Impacts on Endemic Cichlid Habitats in Northern Tanzania

Salty stories, fresh spaces: Lessons for aquatic protected areas from marine and freshwater experiences

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