Achieving all-age helmet use compliance for snow sports: strategic use of education, legislation and enforcement

Abstract

Results from this study demonstrate that a multifaceted approach, including education, legislation and enforcement, was effective in achieving full helmet compliance among all ages of skiers and snowboarders.

Effectiveness of a nationwide intervention to increase helmet use in Dutch skiers and snowboarders: an observational cohort study

“…An increase in observed helmet use was found, but no information was available on the correlation between campaign recognition and observed helmet use. A recent study reported an increase in observed helmet use following a social marketing and educational campaign; however, no control group was included 35. Other national campaigns did address snow sport safety in general, including helmet use and education on safe conduct 5 36.…”

Imaging Review of Alpine Ski Injuries

“…slopes in studies from North America, Norway, and Nova Scotia. 73 Differences in patterns of helmet use may be due to increased awareness by specific at-risk groups, mandated use in certain mountain regions, or variations in attitude and risk-taking behavior. 12 Data on the association of helmet use with neck injuries are inconclusive.…”

“…Nova Scotia is the first jurisdiction in the world to mandate helmet use for all ages at ski hills in the province through the Snow Sport Helmet Act, whereas Quebec requires signage for terrain park riders in conjunction with detailed guidelines via the Mountain Code of Conduct. 73 Elsewhere, New Jersey in the United States, Italy, Austria, Croatia, and Norway have followed suit in terms of similar legislation for children. 73…”

Influential social marketing interventions in physical activity promotion

“…providing services that facilitate desirable behaviors) to target audiences to change their behavior (Lee and Kotler, 2011). The product factors influencing the physical activity are "diverse sports services and activities" (Kubacki et al, 2017;Tweneboah-Koduah et al, 2019;Goethals et al, 2020), "organizing social marketing conventions to develop sport for all" (Huhman et al, 2017;Clark et al, 2021), "providing essential information and consulting services" (Luecking et al, 2017;Fenerty et al, 2016), "engaging athletic volunteers in sport for all developments" (Tan et al, 2010), "establishing specialized social marketing committees" (Fenerty et al, 2016;Dearing et al, 2006) and "survey of society's interests and preferences regarding sports" (Kamada et al, 2013;Richert et al, 2007).…”

“…Thus, organizations whose goals are similar (not necessarily the same) to the organization in question should team up (Weinreich, 2006), which means "partnership." In this study, the partnership factors influencing the physical activity are "using athletic champions, retirees and the credit of professional sports clubs to develop sport for all" (Keel and Nataraajan, 2012;Inoue and Kent, 2012;Behnoosh et al, 2017), "coordination between sport-related organizations" (Fenerty et al, 2016;Bagramian et al, 2019) and "using sponsors for the development of sport for all" (Madill et al, 2014;Kubacki et al, 2018;Bagramian et al, 2019).…”