Achieving Class a Biosolids With Squeeze Pressure, Vacuum Pressure, Time and Temperature

Abu-Orf, Mohammed; Reimers, Robert S.; Oleszkiewicz, Jan; Bowman, Dave; Hepner, Seth; Trautmann, Juliane; Faulmann, Erv

doi:10.2175/193864705783968268

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In the intermediate pH ranges, there are processes, peracetic acid treatment and J-Vap process that can treat Class B anaerobic treated municipal sludges producing a Class A disinfected product (Abu-Orf et al, 2005;Barrios et al, 2004). In all these processes, the inactivation of pathogens appears to occur at temperatures around 52 to 55 0 C instead of 70 0 C (or at pasteurization temperatures), and this drop of 15 degrees Centigrade is due possibly to the noncharged biocidal agents produced during the digestion process (organic acids, aldehydes and alcohols) (Yoshida, 1920;Takeyama, 1951).…”

Section: Peracetic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, Chemical and Biological Agents Impacting Disinfection in Residuals

Fitzmorris¹,

Reimers²,

Pillai³

et al. 2009

proc water environ fed

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The inactivation of pathogens in residuals can be achieved by exposure to various types of stressors -physical, chemical and biological. The physical stressors include temperature, cavitation and radioactive irradiation (gamma and beta). These processes may solublize the organics, break the cells apart, destroy DNA, and other critical subcellular structures. The most common physical parameter utilized is temperature. The chemical stressors are associated with alkaline agents (raising the pH and causing exothermic reactions), acidic agents (lowering the pH and causing exothermic reactions), oxidation and reduction agents (destroying organics and stabilization of uncharged disinfectants) and non-charged disinfectants (required to disinfect helminth eggs and bacterial spores). The influence of chemicals that can assist in disinfection by raising/lowering the pH, enhancing exothermal production of energy, oxidation or reduction reactions with the residuals and the application of non-charged disinfectants are addressed. The biological processes result in temperature increases greater than 52 o C and the production of biocidal by-products such as organic acids, aldehydes and alcohols, which act as disinfectants. The biological processing assists the disinfection processing by autothermal biological activity (increasing the temperature), reduction of the degradable organics (reducing the shielding of pathogens) and production of biocidal agents in the degradation process (fermentation or anaerobic processing). The key to these agents is to optimize their use and thereby reduce the process costs substantially. Though the causative agents responsible for disinfection may be grouped into the three categories, most treatment processes do not rely on one type only, they are a combination of the agent types. The anaerobic digestion, composting, air drying and alkaline stabilization processes are effected by at least three to four of these stressors. Currently, there is a great deal of process development in this area, but until we understand how to integrate these factors and explain how the mechanisms work, there will be a lot of skepticism by both the public and regulatory agencies.

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Section: Peracetic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, Chemical and Biological Agents Impacting Disinfection in Residuals

Fitzmorris¹,

Reimers²,

Pillai³

et al. 2009

proc water environ fed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the intermediate pH ranges, there are processes, peracetic acid treatment and J-Vap process that can treat Class B anaerobic treated municipal sludges producing a Class A disinfected product 27,28 . In all these processes, the inactivation of pathogens appears to occur at temperatures around 52 to 55 0 C instead of 70 0 C ( or at pasteurization temperatures), and this drop of 15 degrees Centigrade is due possibly to the non-charged biocidal agents produced during the digestion process (organic acids, aldehydes and alcohols) 29,30 .…”

Section: Chemical Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertinent Factors Involving Disinfection and Stabilization of Municipal Biosolids

Reimers¹,

Acquisto²,

Fitzmorris³

et al. 2009

proc water environ fed

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The inactivation of pathogens in biosolids and residuals can be achieved to physical, chemical and biological stressors. The physical stressors include temperature, cavitation and radioactive irradiation (gamma and beta). The chemical stressors are associated with alkaline agents (raising the pH and causing exothermic reactions), acidic agents (lowering the pH and causing exothermic reactions), oxidation and reduction agents (destroying organics and stabilization of uncharged disinfectants) and non-charged disinfectants (required to disinfect helminth eggs and bacterial spores). The biological processes result in the temperature increases greater and result in the production of biocidal by-products such as organic acids, aldehydes and alcohols, which act as disinfectants. In general, biological residual treatment processes such as composting, anaerobic digestion, alkaline stabilization, lagoon storage and air drying, which involve multistressors factors and are generally more effective and economically viable.The understanding of stabilization is moving from the state of science in the 1970s to the 21 st Century. This entails the control of putrescible organics with the potential destabilization of anaerobically digested biosolids. By understanding the role of oxidants in the stabilization processes, the approach to stabilizing biosolids is changing while utilizing the concepts in collection systems. In the more recent studies, the usage of oxidation-reduction potential is very useful in monitoring these systems along with the usage of Pearson soft acids such as chlorine dioxide and ferrate.

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Achieving Class a Biosolids With Squeeze Pressure, Vacuum Pressure, Time and Temperature

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Physical, Chemical and Biological Agents Impacting Disinfection in Residuals

Physical, Chemical and Biological Agents Impacting Disinfection in Residuals

Pertinent Factors Involving Disinfection and Stabilization of Municipal Biosolids

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