Achieving Compact City Form through Density Distribution: Case of Indian Cities

Kotharkar, Rajashree; Bahadure, Pankaj

doi:10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000529

Cited by 16 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The global urban built-up area increased from 600,000 to 870,000 square kilometers during 2000-2010 [8]. The expansion of urban built-up areas is accompanied by drastic changes in land use, unbalanced economic development, complex population composition and other prominent urban problems, which require more attention in urban construction and management [9,10]. Therefore, accurate extraction of urban built-up areas is crucial to the development of urban boundary, the division of ecological red line and the alleviation of social and environmental problems raised in the process of urbanization [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Wavelet Transforms to Fuse Nighttime Light Data and POI Big Data to Extract Urban Built-Up Areas

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

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Urban built-up areas are not only the embodiment of urban expansion but also the main space carrier of urban activities. Accurate extraction of urban built-up areas is of great practical significance for measuring the urbanization process and judging the urban environment. It is difficult to identify urban built-up areas objectively and accurately with single data. Therefore, to evaluate urban built-up areas more accurately, this study uses the new method of fusing wavelet transforms and images on the basis of utilization of the POI data of March 2019 and the Luojia1-A data from October 2018 to March 2019. to identify urban built-up areas. The identified urban built-up areas are mainly concentrated in the areas with higher urbanization level and night light value, such as the northeast of Dianchi Lake and the eastern bank around the Dianchi Lake. It is shown in the accuracy verification result that the classification accuracy identified by night-light data of urban build-up area accounts for 84.00% of the total area with the F1 score 0.5487 and the Classification accuracy identified by the fusion of night-light data and POI data of urban build-up area accounts for 96.27% of the total area with the F1 score 0.8343. It is indicated that the built-up areas identified after image fusion are significantly improved with more realistic extraction results. In addition, point of interest (POI) data can better account for the deficiency in nighttime light (NTL) data extraction of urban built-up areas in the urban spatial structure, making the extraction results more objective and accurate. The method proposed in this study can extract urban built-up areas more conveniently and accurately, which is of great practical significance for urbanization monitoring and sustainable urban planning and construction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Wavelet Transforms to Fuse Nighttime Light Data and POI Big Data to Extract Urban Built-Up Areas

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

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“…Regarding quality of life in Global South cities (Chart D), highlighted issues include functional and attractive open space (Bardhan et al 2015;Hermida et al 2015) identity versus anonymity and isolation (Kotharkar et al 2012), crowding (Kotharkar et al 2012;Zhu 2012) and how the development of urban settlements correspond with the preferences of inhabitants (Shirazi and Falahat 2012). Among sociocultural qualities, social relations, social cohesion, diversity and vibrancy are extensively mentioned (Kotharkar et al 2012;Zhu 2012;Kotharkar et al 2014;Hermida et al 2015) but these urban qualities seem equally relevant for Global North cities. In the area of urban justice, inequality in general, and unequal access to mobility and services more specifically, are highlighted (Kotharkar et al 2012;Shirazi and Falahat 2012;Hermida et al 2015) but not as expected in relation to the wider compact city literature (Murillo 2001;Arku 2009;Horn 2015).…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among sociocultural qualities, social relations, social cohesion, diversity and vibrancy are extensively mentioned (Kotharkar et al 2012;Zhu 2012;Kotharkar et al 2014;Hermida et al 2015) but these urban qualities seem equally relevant for Global North cities. In the area of urban justice, inequality in general, and unequal access to mobility and services more specifically, are highlighted (Kotharkar et al 2012;Shirazi and Falahat 2012;Hermida et al 2015) but not as expected in relation to the wider compact city literature (Murillo 2001;Arku 2009;Horn 2015). Still, it is noted that processes of gentrification (Wang 2014) can be especially fierce in low-income cities and, in times of increasing migration, social equity between current and new residents (Zhu 2012) become a critical concern in Global South cities.…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Chart D also health and environmental issues grow in significance as several of the reviewed articles focus on improved public health (Abdullahi et al 2015b;Kotharkar et al 2012), e.g. through less air and noise pollution and increased physical activity (Kotharkar et al 2014;Hermida et al 2015); less environmental degradation (Kotharkar et al 2014;Wang 2014); and mitigation of climate change, e.g.…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Makes a Compact City? Differences Between Urban Research in the Global North and the Global South

Kain

Stenberg

Adelfio

et al. 2020

SJPA

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Compact cities are promoted in policy as a response to current societal challenges, but it is unclear or ambiguous what qualities or benefits a compact city is supposed to deliver. The concept of the compact city is widely debated in the research literature, and there are numerous arguments both for and against compact cities. However, many studies or reviews tend to apply a delimited approach, discussing a confined number of qualities or basing the assessment on fairly narrow empirical material. Research is also carried out from within a number of separate disciplines or “discourses”. This paper aims to provide a clearer and more consolidated understanding of the wide spectrum of qualities that make up the compact city in support of better planning, governance and management of cities in the Global South. The objective is to present a review of current articles discussing the compact city in order to capture similarities and differences in the academic discourse between Global North and Global South contexts, and to outline a comprehensive compact city taxonomy. This is achieved by answering three questions: (1) What types of urban qualities are discussed in scientific articles studying urban compactness? (2) (How) do articles focusing on Global North and Global South contexts differ when it comes to exploring compact city qualities? and (3) Do the findings indicate areas of research withing the broader scope of urban compactness where research should be initiated or strengthened? The analysis is based on literature searches in the Scopus database for 2012-2015 using the search term “compact city”. A quantitative assessment was carried out, sifting out what terms are used to label purported (or debated) qualities of compact cities. Papers are sorted into different categories according to geoeconomic context (i.e. Global North, BRICS, Global South). The outcome is an extended taxonomy of compact city qualities, including twelve categories. Weaknesses in compact city research aimed at cities in the Global South were identified, linked in particular to nature, health, environmental issues, quality of life, sociocultural aspects, justice and economy, as well as a significant lack of compact city research linked to urban adaptability and resilience. The analysis is based on literature searches in the Scopus database for 2012-2015, using the search term “compact city”. A quantitative assessment was carried out, sifting out what terms are used to label purported (or debated) qualities of compact cities. Papers are sorted into different categories according to geoeconomic context (i.e., Global North, BRICS, Global South). The outcome is an extended taxonomy of compact city qualities, including twelve categories. Weaknesses in compact city research aimed at cities in the Global South were identified, especially linked to nature, health, environment issues, quality of life, sociocultural aspects, justice and economy, as well as a significant lack of compact city research linked to urban adaptability and resilience.

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“…India's urban population continues to grow at an unprecedented rate. The majority of new development is occurring in major cities such as the metropolitan (over 4 million inhabitants) and million-plus cities (over 1 million inhabitants), popularly known in India as tier-2 cities [73]. As per Wilber Smith Associates' report, two types of accessibility indices are developed: (i) Public Transport Accessibility Index and (ii) Service Accessibility Index.…”

Section: Selection Of Cities In Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Accessibility to Various ASFs from Public Transit using Spatial Distance Measures in Indian Cities

Yenisetty

Bahadure

2020

IJGI

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Nowadays, accessibility to facilities is one of the most discussed issues in sustainable urban planning. In the current research, two spatial distance accessibility measures were applied to evaluate the accessibility to amenities, services, and facilities (ASFs) from public transit (PT) by walking distance in six Indian cities. The first stage accounts for distance measures using the Euclidean distance with a new methodical approach derived from the built-up area with a spatial resolution of 30 m from Landsat data, and for the network distance method, the actual road distances using OpenStreetMap (OSM) for different threshold ranges of distances were derived. Meanwhile, in the second stage, indicators such as built-up area, network connectivity, and network density with the percentage of ASFs are evaluated and combined for normalization process for ranking the city. The present study assesses the accessibility to various ASFs from PT at city level and explores whether the actual road network access (by measuring distance) in Indian cities is contributing to a high level of accessibility. It adopts a unique approach using statistical tools while assessing both Euclidean and network distances. It models a framework for overall benchmarking in all six cities by ranking them for their accessibility. The results show various scenarios in terms of the rank of cities, which had been strongly affected by distance metrics (Euclidean vs. network) and thus emphasize the careful use of these measures as supporting tools for planning. This facilitates the identification of the local barriers and problems with network access that affect the actual distance. This unique approach can help policymakers to identify the gaps in PT coverage for reaching ASFs. Furthermore, it helps in crucial implementation by strategic planning that can be achieved using these distance criteria.

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Achieving Compact City Form through Density Distribution: Case of Indian Cities

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Using Wavelet Transforms to Fuse Nighttime Light Data and POI Big Data to Extract Urban Built-Up Areas

Using Wavelet Transforms to Fuse Nighttime Light Data and POI Big Data to Extract Urban Built-Up Areas

What Makes a Compact City? Differences Between Urban Research in the Global North and the Global South

Measuring Accessibility to Various ASFs from Public Transit using Spatial Distance Measures in Indian Cities

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