Achieving Controllability of Electric Loads

Callaway, Duncan S.; Hiskens, Ian A.

doi:10.1109/jproc.2010.2081652

Cited by 955 publications

(616 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

612

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In other words, each appliance regulates automatically and in a decentralized fashion its power demand based on the mains frequency. A similar concept characterizes a recent literature on "load control" in power systems [12,14,26,28,37]. In particular, [12] surveys issues related to the redistribution of the load away from peak hours and the design of decentralized strategies to produce a predefined load trajectory (see also [14]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Mean-Field Games and Dynamic Demand Management in Power Grids

Bagagiolo

Bauso

2013

Dyn Games Appl

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper applies mean field game theory to dynamic demand management. For a large population of electrical heating or cooling appliances (called agents), we provide a mean field game that guarantees desynchronization of the agents thus improving the power network resilience. Second, for the game at hand, we exhibit a mean field equilibrium, where each agent adopts a bang-bang switching control with threshold placed at a nominal temperature. At the equilibrium, through an opportune design of the terminal penalty, the switching control regulates the mean temperature (computed over the population) and the mains frequency around the nominal value. To overcome Zeno phenomena we also adjust the bang-bang control by introducing a thermostat. Third, we show that the equilibrium is stable in the sense that all agents' states, initially at different values, converge to the equilibrium value or remain confined within a given interval for an opportune initial distribution.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Mean-Field Games and Dynamic Demand Management in Power Grids

Bagagiolo

Bauso

2013

Dyn Games Appl

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Taking the intricate information flows and huge volumes of data into account, ICT is regarded as a key enabler for the integration of load shifting into the electricity grid (Callaway and Hiskens, 2011). In particular, ICT is expected to unlock the full potential of flexible loads and allow effective demand side management for large numbers of such loads across multiple time scales (Callaway and Hiskens, 2011 (Reynolds and Mickoleit, 2011).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value and granularity of ICT and smart meter data in demand response systems

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The large-scale integration of intermittent resources of power generation leads to unprecedented fluctuations on the supply side. An electricity retailer can tackle these challenges by pursuing strategies of flexible load shifting -socalled demand response mechanisms. This work addresses the associated tradeoff between ICT deployment and economic benefits. The ICT design of a demand response system serves as the basis of a cost-value model, which incorporates all relevant cost components and compares them to the expected savings of an electricity retailer. Our analysis is based on a typical German electricity retailer to determine the optimal read-out frequency of smart meters. For our set of parameters, a positive information value of smart meter read-outs is achieved within an interval of 21 to 57 minutes regarding variable costs.Electricity retailers can achieve a profitable setting by restricting smart meter roll-out to large customers.

show abstract

“…al [9], [10] have proposed distributed direct load control based schemes to deliver load following and regulation in the grid. Kundu et.al.…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal demand response for thermal inertial loads employing stochastic renewables: A privacy respecting architecture and its continuum scaling limit

Sharma

Xie

2014

53rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-We consider the problem of optimally utilizing intermittently available renewable energy sources for inertial thermal loads. The particular focus of this paper is to reduce the need for dispatchable fossil fuel generation backup reserves, while satisfying thermal constraints of the loads, and to do so within an architecture where the individual loads control their own demands in a distributed manner so that privacy of every load's thermal state is respected. In this distributed architecture, no information about load states is communicated to the load aggregator. We model th e system as a distributed stochastic control problem with a control law parametrized by the individual set points of the loads, where the stochastic uncertainty is induced both by renewable energy availability as well as user temperature constraints. We design, optimize and analyze the parametrized policy, which has the key properties that it is privacy-respecting, employs distributed control via individual set-points, has low communication requirements, and is architecturally simple. While the optimal policy for a finite number of loads is intractable, and increasingly so as the number of loads increases, we show that the infinite population scaling limit as the number of loads increases is tractable. We employ Pontryagin's Minimum Principle to evaluate this, and show that it provides a near-optimal solution for the finite case.

show abstract

Achieving Controllability of Electric Loads

Cited by 955 publications

References 51 publications

Mean-Field Games and Dynamic Demand Management in Power Grids

Mean-Field Games and Dynamic Demand Management in Power Grids

Value and granularity of ICT and smart meter data in demand response systems

Optimal demand response for thermal inertial loads employing stochastic renewables: A privacy respecting architecture and its continuum scaling limit

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About