Achieving efficient photodynamic therapy under both normoxia and hypoxia using cyclometalated Ru(<scp>ii</scp>) photosensitizer through type I photochemical process

Lv, Zhuang; Wei, Huanjie; Li, Qing; Su, Xianlong; Liu, Shujuan; Zhang, Kenneth Yin; Lv, Wen; Zhao, Qiang; Li, Xianghong; Huang, Wei

doi:10.1039/c7sc03765a

Cited by 233 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…79 The photocytotoxicity of complex 84 can be achieved by two-photon irradiation and under one-photon irradiation exhibits greater photocytotoxicity than complex 85. Subsequent cellular studies in HeLa cell monolayers after light treatment depict the relocalization of complex 84 toward the 86 Further work demonstrated that the complex is effective in tumor-bearing mice and inhibits growth of the tumor. Ruthenium(II)-based therapeutics have entered clinical trials, such as the three well-known ruthenium anticancer agents: NAMI-A, KP1019, and KP1339.…”

Section: ■ Therapeutic Luminescent Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes for a Wide Variety of Biomolecular and Cellular Applications

2019

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Ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes are one of the most extensively studied and developed systems in the family of luminescent transition-metal complexes. Notably, there has been a large amount of interest in the biological applications of these luminescent ruthenium(II) complexes because of their rich photophysical and photochemical properties. In this Viewpoint, we explore past and recent works on the possible biological and cellular applications of these promising complexes, with a focus on their use as bioimaging reagents, biomolecular probes, and phototherapeutic agents.

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Section: ■ Therapeutic Luminescent Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes for a Wide Variety of Biomolecular and Cellular Applications

2019

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“…[5][6][7][8] Although the details of the operation of type Im echanisms,e specially how O 2 is involved, are still under debate,m any studies have shown that type IPDT performs well even under low O 2 conditions and, consequently,that it might be the basis for the design of new approaches to overcome the limits of hypoxia in type II PDT. [72][73][74][75] In ar ecent investigation, Lv et al demonstrated that ac yclometalated Ru complex displays excellent type IP DT activity. [72] Ac oumarin group was covalently incorporated into this complex to increase its light-harvesting ability and also to enable it to serve as ag ood electron-donor.I nterestingly,t he complex (Ru2) displays ah igher killing effect on cancer cells than the coumarin-free analog.I na ddition, Ru2 shows ahigh photocytotoxic effect under hypoxia because of its ability to generate hydroxyl radicals.Invivo studies (drug dose,5 mg Kg À1 ;i njection way,i ntratumoral;d rug-light interval, 15 min;l ight conditions,2 05 mW cm À2 ,1 5min) indicate that Ru2 has aPDT effect on an endogenous hypoxic solid tumor as reflected in remarkable inhibition of tumor growth on the 14th day after treatment.…”

Section: Type Ip Dtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Strategies for Hypoxic‐Tumor Photodynamic Therapy

et al. 2018

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Despite its clinical promise, photodynamic therapy (PDT) suffers from a key drawback associated with its oxygen-dependent nature, which limits its effective use against hypoxic tumors. Moreover, both PDT-mediated oxygen consumption and microvascular damage further increase tumor hypoxia and, thus, impede therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, numerous investigations have focused on strategies for overcoming this drawback of PDT. These efforts, which are summarized in this review, have produced many innovative methods to avoid the limits of PDT associated with hypoxia.

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“…The results indicated that MnO 2 @PPAIB could generate a large amount of oxygen by decomposing H 2 O 2 in the acidic enviroment. Finally, to testify the generation of ROS in the presence of H 2 O 2 (100 × 10 −6 m ), MnO 2 @PPAIB and PPAIB in acidic or neutral H 2 O 2 solution were irridiated (660 nm, 3.6 mW cm −2 ) with a commercially available ROS probe 1,3‐diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) . As shown in Figure j, the PPAIB generated a small amount of ROS in acidic (pH = 6.5) or neutral (pH = 7.4) H 2 O 2 solution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Phototherapeutic Nanoplatform by Integrating a Multifunctional Polymer and MnO₂ for Enhancing Tumor Synergistic Therapy

Zhao

Xie

Jun-gu

et al. 2019

Adv Healthcare Materials

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of tumor. [7][8][9] Thus, SPT could exhibit the synergistic effect of "1 + 1 > 2" in theory. However, the effect of PDT would be limi ted severely due to the hypoxic microen vironment in the tumor, leading to that the photothermal effect often dominates the therapy efficiency during the syner gistic therapy process. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Thus, tradi tional combination of PTT and PDT failed to fully perform the effect of synergistic phototherapy. Consequently, it is very urgent to develop novel SPT agents which can show the truly synergistic and even enhanced effects of PTT and PDT.Recent works indicated that MnO 2 is a versatile nanocarrier for anticancer treat ment. [13][14][15][16][17] MnO 2 nanostructures have been demonstrated to enhance the anti cancer efficiency through the following three approaches: (1) catalyzing H 2 O 2 to generate O 2 to relieve the hypoxic environ ment in the tumor and enhance the PDT effect, [17,18] (2) generating extra heat to improve the PTT efficiency under irradia tion, [10,21] and (3) reacting with glutathione to reduce the consumption of ROS and release the anticancer drug to enhance the synergistic therapy process. [19,20] Therefore, MnO 2 nanocarriers provide a new insight into design strategies for enhancement of SPT effect. Nevertheless, common strategies to utilize MnO 2 nanocarrier for improving the anticancer effects face with the problems of complicated structures and cumbersome preparation process, because the nanosystems usually contain MnO 2 nanocarrier with various morphologies, phototherapy agents, hydrophilic group, and even some functional groups such as protein and RNA. [21][22][23][24] Therefore, developing MnO 2 nanosystems with simple structures for enhancing the synergistic therapeutic effi ciency is urgent but challenging.In order to construct a simple MnO 2 based nanosystem to realize the truly synergistic and even enhanced effects of PTT and PDT, suitable phototherapeutic agents should be selected. Among numerous phototherapeutic agents, nearinfrared (NIR) azaBODIPY dyes, which exhibit both excellent photo thermal and photodynamic effects, were ideal SPT agent for further application in combination with MnO 2 . [25][26][27][28][29] In parallel, to avoid the complex structure and preparation process of the Recent studies indicate that the synergistic phototherapy (SPT) process can simultaneously generate heat for photothermal therapy (PTT) and singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) to overcome the recurrence of tumors. However, the hypoxic environment in tumors seriously limits the therapeutic effect of the oxygen-dependent PDT, leading to the domination of PTT in the SPT process. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a novel SPT platform for overcoming hypoxia in tumors and improving the therapeutic effect of both PTT and PDT. In this work, a novel phototherapeutic platform based on a nanocomposite of aza-BODIPY/manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) is developed via simple electrostatic self-assembly. In this design, MnO 2 nanosheets, which coul...

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Achieving efficient photodynamic therapy under both normoxia and hypoxia using cyclometalated Ru(ii) photosensitizer through type I photochemical process

Abstract: A type I Ru(ii) photosensitizer retained an excellent PDT effect under hypoxia through the formation of highly-oxidative hydroxyl radicals under light irradiation.

Cited by 233 publications

References 53 publications

Luminescent Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes for a Wide Variety of Biomolecular and Cellular Applications

Luminescent Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes for a Wide Variety of Biomolecular and Cellular Applications

Innovative Strategies for Hypoxic‐Tumor Photodynamic Therapy

Facile Phototherapeutic Nanoplatform by Integrating a Multifunctional Polymer and MnO₂ for Enhancing Tumor Synergistic Therapy

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Achieving efficient photodynamic therapy under both normoxia and hypoxia using cyclometalated Ru(ii) photosensitizer through type I photochemical process

Abstract: A type I Ru(ii) photosensitizer retained an excellent PDT effect under hypoxia through the formation of highly-oxidative hydroxyl radicals under light irradiation.

Cited by 233 publications

References 53 publications

Luminescent Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes for a Wide Variety of Biomolecular and Cellular Applications

Luminescent Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes for a Wide Variety of Biomolecular and Cellular Applications

Innovative Strategies for Hypoxic‐Tumor Photodynamic Therapy

Facile Phototherapeutic Nanoplatform by Integrating a Multifunctional Polymer and MnO2 for Enhancing Tumor Synergistic Therapy

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Product

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Facile Phototherapeutic Nanoplatform by Integrating a Multifunctional Polymer and MnO₂ for Enhancing Tumor Synergistic Therapy