and consumed do not necessarily need to be kept separate when they are transported throughout the network: there are ways to combine and later extract independent information.Combining independent data streams enables us to better tailor the information flow to the network environment and accommodate the demands of specific traffic patterns. This shift in paradigm is expected to revolutionize the way we manage, operate, and even understand networks and will have a deep impact on a wide range of areas such as reliable delivery, resource sharing, efficient flow control, network monitoring, and security.Network coding is expected to play an important role in the way the coming generations of networks will be designed and operated. Theoretical results obtained since the introduction of network coding show its enormous potential for improving network performance [18,19]. Depending on the traffic scenario, on whether the network is wireless or wired,