Achieving More Effective Public Engagement with the English Planning System

Kitchen, Ted; Whitney, D. A.

doi:10.1080/0269745052000343235

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Unfamiliarity is a barrier to ICT adoption, especially for the elderly (Schlossberg et al, 2012). Inclusiveness in terms of 'hard to reach' groups is crucial for achieving successful participation (Baker et al, 2007) and these groups require special attention in e-government initiatives because of their scant use of ICTs (Kitchen & Whitney, 2004). Besides social concerns, instrumental ones also arise such as monitoring the real-time city, in terms of data management, may increase costs; apart from this, planners may be unfamiliar with how new technologies can be used effectively (Evans-Cowley, 2010;Evans-Cowley & Hollander, 2010).…”

Section: Mobile Participation Advantages and Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory Apps for Urban Planning—Space for Improvement

Ertiö¹

2015

Planning Practice & Research

163

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Section: Mobile Participation Advantages and Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory Apps for Urban Planning—Space for Improvement

Ertiö¹

2015

Planning Practice & Research

163

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“…The focus group participants who were unaware of the planning process were not from 'hard to reach' groups [73] and were easily recruited for this study. For example, FPG7 is a member of a city council and FPG8 belongs to a local sea angling club.…”

Section: Fgp8: Well If You Haven't Really Heard Of It Then It's Not Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusion and non-participation in Marine Spatial Planning

2018

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Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) offers the possibility of democratising management of the seas. MSP is, however, increasingly implemented as a form of post-political planning, dominated by the logic of neoliberalism, and a belief in the capacity of managerialtechnological apparatuses to address complex socio-political problems, with little attention paid to issues of power and inequality. There is growing concern that MSP is not facilitating a paradigm shift towards publicly engaged marine management, and that it may simply repackage power dynamics in the rhetoric of participation to legitimise the agendas of dominant actors. This raises questions about the legitimacy and inclusivity of participatory MSP. Research on stakeholder engagement within MSP has predominately focused on assessing experiences of active MSP participants and has not evaluated the democratic or inclusive nature of these processes. Adopting the Northeast Ocean Planning initiative in the US as a case study, this paper provides the first study of exclusion and non-participation of stakeholders in an MSP process. Three major issues are found to have had an impact on exclusion and non-participation: poor communication and a perception that the process was deliberately exclusionary; issues arising from fragmented governance, territorialisation and scale; and lack of specificity regarding benefits or losses that might accrue from the process.To be effective, participatory MSP practice must: develop mechanisms that recognise the complexity of socio-spatial relationships in the marine environment; facilitate participation in meaningful spatial decision-making, rather than in post-ideological, objective-setting processes; and create space for debate about the very purpose of MSP processes.

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“…We also suggest more research on the basic effectiveness and efficiency of these new Internet-based tools to generate meaningful public engagement in planning processes-we need to have stronger empirical evidence of what really works, what does not, who is included, who is left behind, and how the future of planning will grapple with the persistent problems of unequal power relations both online and offline. Kitchen and Whitney (2004) found that planners are eager to find solutions and work on issues of equality in access and to find ways to engage with hard-to-reach groups. It is with optimism that we see technology playing a role and one more opportunity to engage with the public.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The New Generation of Public Participation: Internet-based Participation Tools

Evans-Cowley¹,

Hollander²

2010

Planning Practice & Research

239

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Since the advocacy planners of the 1960s first brought widespread public participation to the planning process, there have been innovations and improvements. However, the participation practices in the real world, with its face-to-face politics of difference and unequal power relations, are flawed. Today, technology allows for an entirely new generation of forms and practices of public participation that promise to elevate the public discourse in an unprecedented manner while providing an interactive, networked environment for decision-making. This is occurring with asynchronous communities interacting with one another on a variety of planning subjects, which allows for more democratic planning and more meaningful participation. In this paper, we review the ways in which today's web-based virtual worlds, like Facebook and Second Life, provide platforms for public participation in planning in a manner distinct from previous formats. We explore the different ways that citizens and communities are using web-based technologies for citizen participation, including the use of Facebook for community organizing around planning issues and of Second Life for virtual workshops. We include case studies of communities that are using these tools. The paper concludes by exploring the contribution that virtual participation can make to planning and examines the challenges that it poses.

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Achieving More Effective Public Engagement with the English Planning System

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Participatory Apps for Urban Planning—Space for Improvement

Participatory Apps for Urban Planning—Space for Improvement

Exclusion and non-participation in Marine Spatial Planning

The New Generation of Public Participation: Internet-based Participation Tools

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