Achieving Resistance against Moisture and Oxygen for Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Stability

Abstract

Realization of high efficiency along with long-term stability of perovskites solar cells has been a goal of researchers in this field. Breakthroughs in efficiency have been achieved in the past decade, exceeding those of most thin film solar cells. However, the challenge of degradation and instability of perovskite solar cells is currently the bottleneck for their real-life application. Extensive research has been conducted to achieve simultaneously high efficiency and high stability, leading to considerable progress in device performance. A significant source causing degradation is the ingression of external materials, such as moisture and oxygen. In this review, the mechanisms of moisture and oxygen degradation occurring in perovskite absorber and charge transporting layers are interpreted. Primary approaches to simultaneously achieve high efficiency and high stability focus on encapsulation, interfacial layer engineering, process engineering, ion engineering, and dopant and alternative engineering. In brief, we review the materials development and engineering strategies to improve performance and identify the obstacles that hinder the realization of high stability along with high efficiency.

Enhanced Thermal Stability of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Through Triphenylphosphine Interface Passivation

“…[16][17][18][19] Furthermore, these defects can act as ion migration or moisture/oxygen diffusion channels, thereby promoting perovskite degradation and device instability. [20][21][22][23] Hence, it is unsurprising that defects present in PSCs wield significant influence over key photovoltaic performance metrics such as short-circuit current density (J sc ), open-circuit voltage (V oc ), fill factor (FF), and PCE. [24][25][26] Interfacial engineering between the perovskite absorber and charge transport layers has been widely successful in enhancing the performance and durability of PSCs.…”

“…These defects promote non‐radiative recombination, resulting in reduced charge carrier lifetime and poor charge collection [16–19] . Furthermore, these defects can act as ion migration or moisture/oxygen diffusion channels, thereby promoting perovskite degradation and device instability [20–23] . Hence, it is unsurprising that defects present in PSCs wield significant influence over key photovoltaic performance metrics such as short‐circuit current density ( J sc ), open‐circuit voltage ( V oc ), fill factor (FF), and PCE [24–26] …”

Features of the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen oxidation on the composite SrFeO 3 ‐based anode for a protonic ceramic fuel cell

“…Increasing demand for electrical power during the last decades on the one hand, and growing concern about the ecology on another, lead to the ongoing interest in developing new, efficient and ecologically friendly ways of producing electricity. [1][2][3] Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), which can directly convert chemical energy to electricity due to the reaction of hydrogen oxidation, are one of the promising sources of electrical energy. [4][5][6] Conventional SOFC consists of solid oxygen-ionic electrolyte and two electrodes.…”

Application of Perovskite Quantum Dots as an Absorber in Perovskite Solar Cells

“…[21][22][23] However,m aintaining the stability under harsh environment remains ac hallenge. [24,25] Studies are under way to address the issue of instability and improve device performance. [26] Thanks to numerous efforts to improve perovskite QDbased solar cells,promising approaches have been developed, including exchange chemistry,p assivation engineering,a nd structure engineering.E xchange chemistry is favorable for the mitigation of defect density,a melioration of film quality, improvement of light absorption, and acceleration of charge transport.…”

“…In addition, the QD format of some perovskite materials enables the improvement of phase stability [21–23] . However, maintaining the stability under harsh environment remains a challenge [24, 25] . Studies are under way to address the issue of instability and improve device performance [26] …”