Achieving Semantic Consistency for Multilingual Sentence Representation Using an Explainable Machine Natural Language Parser (MParser)

Abstract

In multilingual semantic representation, the interaction between humans and computers faces the challenge of understanding meaning or semantics, which causes ambiguity and inconsistency in heterogeneous information. This paper proposes a Machine Natural Language Parser (MParser) to address the semantic interoperability problem between users and computers. By leveraging a semantic input method for sharing common atomic concepts, MParser represents any simple English sentence as a bag of unique and universal concepts via case grammar of an explainable machine natural language. In addition, it provides a human and computer-readable and -understandable interaction concept to resolve the semantic shift problems and guarantees consistent information understanding among heterogeneous sentence-level contexts. To evaluate the annotator agreement of MParser outputs that generates a list of English sentences under a common multilingual word sense, three expert participants manually and semantically annotated 75 sentences (505 words in total) in English. In addition, 154 non-expert participants evaluated the sentences’ semantic expressiveness. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed MParser shows higher compatibility with human intuitions.

An Analysis of Case Grammar in English Film Dialogue: A New Perspective of Linguistic Modern

“…The results of the study is different from the research (Longo, 2022) grammar can improve the application of formal language, (Siregar, 2020) analyzed the level and size of English vocabulary, but does not clearly discuss the grammar of the case which is the theme of the study, (Qin et al, 2021) stated a common semantic representation for multilingual languages is an essential goal of the NLP community. To facilitate multilingual sentence representation and semantic interoperability, this study presented an MParser for parsing local language sentences and providing a common understanding across the heterogenic sentence, (Zhang, L., & Su, 2021) elaborated a local grammar approach to diachronic studies of discourse acts in academic texts and demonstrated the approach with a case study investigating diachronically exemplification in Linguistics study articles, (Dong, Y., & Shi, 2021;McCarthy, K. S., Roscoe, R. D., Allen, L. K., Likens, A. D., & McNamara, 2022) elaborated grammarly application to support students sourcebased writing practices and writing evaluation, provided plagiarism alerts but also help students with their source use practices and can be used as an effective tool to facilitate students' learning and assessment of source-based writing, demonstrated strategy feedback with an opportunity to revise contributed to improved essay quality, but that spelling and grammar feedback provided modest, complementary benefits.…”

“…This study is urgently needed in case grammar studies due to the lack of these studies in recent years (after 1970s). In the last three years, there are several studies have discussed grammar including shape grammars (Eilouti, 2019), shape grammar and block morphological analysis (Wang et al, 2020), the level and size of the vocabulary (Siregar, 2020), fusion grammars (Lye, 2022b), grammar attribute (Kramer et al, 2021), catogorial grammars (Kuhlmann et al, 2022), context-free grammar (Chen, W. Y., & Fu, 2022), formal grammars (Albarracín-Molina et al, 2021), case grammar (Basid, Abdul & Maghfiroh, 2021;Basid et al, , 2023Basid & Zahroh, 2022), English grammar (Nikiforidou, 2021), domain knowledge in grammar (Brence et al, 2023), propositions as discourse marker (Harb et al, 2022), grammar can improve the application of formal language (Longo, 2022), multiplicity in grammar (Matsumoto & Iwasaki, 2022), grammar construction (Qin et al, 2021), structural grammar (Tomei et al, 2022), local grammars (Zhang, L., & Su, 2021), writing practices (Dong, & Shi, 2021), writing evaluation (McCarthy, K. S., Roscoe, R. D., Allen, L. K., Likens, A. D., & McNamara, 2022), grammar and genre (Fischer & Asrestrup, 2021), grammatical variability (Matsumoto, 2021), grammar context (Mrykhin & Okhotin, 2023), the case of contrastive connectives (Cuenca, 2022), and nasal harmony and word-internal language mixing (Russell, 2022).…”

“…The similarities refer to the theme of the study, including grammar, case grammar, grammar attributes, and research method. The differences lies in several aspect, including shape grammars as a reverse engineering method (Eilouti, 2019) and block morphological analysis to generative urban design (Wang et al, 2020), context sensitive fusion grammars and fusion grammars with forbidden context (Lye, 2022b), reflect of term in grammar attribute to be able to change the term (Kramer et al, 2021), context free grammar for the e-positivity of the trivariate (Chen, W. Y., & Fu, 2022), formal grammars as musical genome (Albarracín-Molina et al, 2021), modalities and propositions in sentence structures (Basid, Abdul & Maghfiroh, 2021;Basid et al, , 2023Basid & Zahroh, 2022), English grammar shows unique morpho-syntax with a conventional interpretation in present tense of the same genre (Nikiforidou, 2021), grammar in free context has a relatively strong framework to be able to express domain knowledge (Brence et al, 2023), propositions as discourse marker (Harb et al, 2022), grammar can improve the application of formal language (Longo, 2022), multiplicity in grammar and communication competence of real speakers supported by various systems (Matsumoto & Iwasaki, 2022), the construction approach becomes a grammatical notion of construction that is flexible in nature to be able to represent linguistic information by explaining its pattern (Gras & Elvira-Gracia, 2021), semantic representation for multilingual sentence representation (Qin et al, 2021), structural grammar has three interrelated stages, namely grammatical form, structural analysis, and typology optimization process (Tomei et al, 2022), local grammars in teaching and learning process (Zhang, L., & Su, 2021), grammatical variability (Matsumoto, 2021), grammar context (Mrykhin & Okhotin, 2023), using grammarly to support students source-based writing practices (Dong, Y., & Shi, 2021) and writing evaluation (McCarthy, K. S., Roscoe, R. D., Allen, L. K., Likens, A. D., & McNamara, 2022), linguistic and grammar in the field of connectives (Cuenca, 2022), and the relationship between nasal harmony and word-internal language mixing in Paraguayan Guarani…”

Current Approaches and Applications in Natural Language Processing

“…Explainability is a matter of study which is gaining deserved interest in recent years, in order to guarantee trustworthy systems. The work presented in [22] proposes a system to represent multilingual sentences using a natural machine language. The paper generates related universal concepts that are intuitive, according to human evaluation.…”

Evaluation of Chinese Natural Language Processing System Based on Metamorphic Testing

“…Some research studies have focused on improving or explaining the robustness of the quality assurance system, such as iterative input [49] to improve the quality of the text summarization system, and the combination of decision trees and enhancement techniques [50] to improve the classification accuracy. Qin et al [51] proposed a Machine Natural Language Parser (MParser) to address the semantic interoperability problem between users and computers. To evaluate the annotator agreement of MParser outputs, 154 non-expert participants manually evaluated the sentences' semantic expressiveness.…”