Achieving Superior Energy Storage Properties and Ultrafast Discharge Speed in Environment-Friendly Niobate-Based Glass Ceramics

Abstract

Glass ceramics composed of Na2O–BaO–Bi2O3–Nb2O5–Al2O3–SiO2 (NBBN-AS) were modified by rare-earth doping and prepared via the melt-quenching process accompanied by controlled crystallization. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy displayed the glassy matrix closely encompassing the nanosized NaNbO3, Ba2NaNb5O15, BaAl2Si2O8, and AlNbO4 crystalline grains. With rare-earth doping, the NBBN-AS glass ceramics’ theoretical energy storage density can reach 22.48 J/cm3. This excellent energy storage property is credited with increasing breakdown strength, and numerical simulation was applied to reveal the intrinsic mechanism for increased breakdown strength by rare-earth doping. The charge–discharge results indicated a giant power density of 220 MW/cm3 as well as an ultrafast discharge speed of 11 ns. The results indicate that the glass ceramic can be used in advanced capacitor applications.

Influences of crystallization temperature on the structure, dielectric, and energy storage characteristics of KBaSrNb5O15‐based glass–ceramics

“…Generally, t 0.9 donates the time consumed for the capacitor to release 90% of the stored energy, which can be applied to evaluate the discharge speed of the capacitor. 16 From Figure 2C, it can be seen that the discharge speed of G740 sample is only about 11.5 ns, which can be beneficial to achieve high power density.…”

“…From Figure 3C, it can be seen that the 𝑊 𝑑 decreased from 2.2 to 2.07 J/cm 3 with the temperature increased from 25 to 125 • C. Thus, we can consider that G740 glass-ceramics have great thermal stability in charge-discharge properties. In addition, the 𝑊 𝑑 and 𝑃 𝑑 of G740 glass-ceramic were compared with other glass-ceramics in recent years, 5,16,24,[27][28][29][30][31] as exhibited in Figure 4. Notably, the 𝑊 𝑑 and 𝑃 𝑑 of G740 glass-ceramic are superior to other glass-ceramics, indicating its potential application in pulsed power devices.…”

“…From Figure 2F, it should be noted that the highest $${W_d}$$ value of 2.2 J/cm 3 at 600 kV/cm can be gained for G740 sample, which is about 7.6 times that of the glass (∼0.29 J/cm 3 ), this may be attributed to its high dielectric constant. Generally, t 0.9 donates the time consumed for the capacitor to release 90% of the stored energy, which can be applied to evaluate the discharge speed of the capacitor 16 . From Figure 2C, it can be seen that the discharge speed of G740 sample is only about 11.5 ns, which can be beneficial to achieve high power density.…”

“…With the development of economy and society, people are greatly aware of the importance of environmental protection. 16 Therefore, in recent years, the research on glass ceramics mainly focuses on lead-free niobate glassceramics. Generally, the crystallization temperature plays an important role in developing glass-ceramic materials.…”

“…With the development of economy and society, people are greatly aware of the importance of environmental protection 16 . Therefore, in recent years, the research on glass ceramics mainly focuses on lead‐free niobate glass–ceramics.…”