“…There is little agreement with regard to aetiology of Achilles tendon ruptures (Maffulli et al, 1998b), which have been attributed to many factors, including poor tendon vascularity and collagen disruption (Williams, 1993;Maffulli, 1995), gastrocnemius-soleus dysfunction, a suboptimally conditioned musculotendinous unit, age, gender, changes in training pattern, poor technique, previous injuries and footwear (Inglis and Sculco, 1981;Clain and Baxter, 1992). They have also been associated with a multitude of conditions, such as inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, hyperuricaemia, genetically determined collagen abnormalities (Dent and Graham, 1991), infectious diseases, neurological conditions (Maffulli, 1996), hyperthyroidism, renal insufficiency and arteriosclerosis (Myerson, 1999).…”