Acid and calcareous soils affect nitrogen nutrition and organic nitrogen uptake by beech seedlings (Fagus sylvatica L.) under drought, and their ectomycorrhizal community structure

Leberecht, Martin; Jing, Tu; Polle, Andrea

doi:10.1007/s11104-016-2956-4

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…We demonstrate that in highly acidic soil more plant C is lost to the external ecosystem carbon cycle than in less acidic soils. Previous studies have suggested a decrease in mycorrhizal fungal colonization of roots in highly acidic soils (St Clair & Lynch, ; Carrino‐Kyker et al , ; Leberecht et al , ). If this applies also to our study, reduced sink strength of mycorrhizal fungi for plant photosynthates in acidic soil may have increased root exudation rates – a hypothesis that has to be tested in future studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Root exudation of mature beech forests across a nutrient availability gradient: the role of root morphology and fungal activity

et al. 2020

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Summary Root exudation is a key plant function with a large influence on soil organic matter dynamics and plant–soil feedbacks in forest ecosystems. Yet despite its importance, the main ecological drivers of root exudation in mature forest trees remain to be identified. During two growing seasons, we analyzed the dependence of in situ collected root exudates on root morphology, soil chemistry and nutrient availability in six mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests on a broad range of bedrock types. Root morphology was a major driver of root exudation across the nutrient availability gradient. A doubling of specific root length exponentially increased exudation rates of mature trees by c. 5‐fold. Root exudation was also closely negatively related to soil pH and nitrogen (N) availability. At acidic and N‐poor sites, where fungal biomass was reduced, exudation rates were c. 3‐fold higher than at N‐ and base‐richer sites and correlated negatively with the activity of enzymes degrading less bioavailable carbon (C) and N in the bulk soil. We conclude that root exudation increases on highly acidic, N‐poor soils, in which fungal activity is reduced and a greater portion of the assimilated plant C is shifted to the external ecosystem C cycle.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Root exudation of mature beech forests across a nutrient availability gradient: the role of root morphology and fungal activity

et al. 2020

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“…In contrast to hypothesis H1 (and in contrast to the response of mature beech ecosystems which were adapted to long‐term, constant differences in P availabilities; Zavišić et al ., ), the ECMF community composition did not shift in response to a decrease in P availability or an increase in the soil N : P ratio. This resilience of the ECMF community composition against changes in soil P and N may have been a consequence of the selection of a comparably low number of ECMF species both at the site of origin (Leberecht et al ., ) and in the experiment. These ECMF species were probably already adapted to sandy, P‐poor soil conditions due to the spodic Dystrudept from which they originated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…500 beech seedlings of similar size that originated from the 2012 tree masting. At this site, mycorrhizal fungal colonization of adult trees averaged at 75% (Hertel et al ., ) and the ECMF communities were comparably species poor with, on average, nine ECMF species found on adult trees (Zavišić et al ., ) and three to six ECMF species on beech saplings (Leberecht et al ., ). Seedlings were carefully excavated and the adhering soil removed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…New Phytologist decrease in P availability or an increase in the soil N : P ratio. This resilience of the ECMF community composition against changes in soil P and N may have been a consequence of the selection of a comparably low number of ECMF species both at the site of origin (Leberecht et al, 2016) and in the experiment. These ECMF species were probably already adapted to sandy, Ppoor soil conditions due to the spodic Dystrudept from which they originated.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity increases phosphorus uptake efficiency of European beech

et al. 2018

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Increases in summer droughts and nitrogen (N) deposition have raised concerns of widespread biodiversity loss and nutrient imbalances, but our understanding of the ecological role of ectomycorrhizal fungal (ECMF) diversity in mediating root functions remains a major knowledge gap. We used different global change scenarios to experimentally alter the composition of ECMF communities colonizing European beech saplings and examined the consequences for phosphorus (P) uptake (H PO feeding experiment) and use efficiencies of trees. Specifically, we simulated increases in temperature and N deposition and decreases in soil moisture and P availability in a factorial experiment. Here, we show that ECMF α diversity is a major factor contributing to root functioning under global change. P uptake efficiency of beech significantly increased with increasing ECMF species richness and diversity, as well as with decreasing P availability. As a consequence of decreases in ECMF diversity, P uptake efficiency decreased when soil moisture was limiting. By contrast, P use efficiencies were a direct (negative) function of P availability and not of ECMF diversity. We conclude that increasing summer droughts may reduce ECMF diversity and the complementarity of P uptake by ECMF species, which will add to negative growth effects expected from nutrient imbalances under global change.

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“…This finding is also in agreement with previous studies that showed that mycorrhizal mycobiomes consist of active symbionts and a cryptic “reserve,” whose members are recruited during temporal turnover of the assemblages (Danielsen et al., , ). This cryptic reserve is probably important for adjusting the functions of the mycorrhizal assemblage under changing environmental conditions, such as drought and soil nitrogen (Courty, Franc, Pierrat, & Garbaye, ; Gallart et al., ; Kranabetter, Durall, & MacKenzie, ; Kranabetter et al., ; Leberecht, Tu, & Polle, ; Pena & Polle, ; Pena, Simon, Rennenberg, & Polle, ). Consequently, many of the potentially symbiotrophic taxa that were detected in RAMs might exist as saprotrophs (Martin, Kohler, Murat, Veneault‐Fourrey, & Hibbett, ) and thus share a habitat with other nonsymbiotic saprotrophic microbes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assembly processes of trophic guilds in the root mycobiome of temperate forests

et al. 2018

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Root‐associated mycobiomes (RAMs) link plant and soil ecological processes, thereby supporting ecosystem functions. Understanding the forces that govern the assembly of RAMs is key to sustainable ecosystem management. Here, we dissected RAMs according to functional guilds and combined phylogenetic and multivariate analyses to distinguish and quantify the forces driving RAM assembly processes. Across large biogeographic scales (>1,000 km) in temperate forests (>100 plots), RAMs were taxonomically highly distinct but composed of a stable trophic structure encompassing symbiotrophic, ectomycorrhizal (55%), saprotrophic (7%), endotrophic (3%) and pathotrophic fungi (<1%). Taxonomic community composition of RAMs is explained by abiotic factors, forest management intensity, dominant tree family (Fagaceae, Pinaceae) and root resource traits. Local RAM assemblies are phylogenetically clustered, indicating stronger habitat filtering on roots in dry, acid soils and in conifer stands than in other forest types. The local assembly of ectomycorrhizal communities is driven by forest management intensity. At larger scales, root resource traits and soil pH shift the assembly process of ectomycorrhizal fungi from deterministic to neutral. Neutral or weak deterministic assembly processes are prevalent in saprotrophic and endophytic guilds. The remarkable consistency of the trophic composition of the RAMs suggests that temperate forests attract fungal assemblages that afford functional resilience under the current range of climatic and edaphic conditions. At local scales, the filtering processes that structure symbiotrophic assemblies can be influenced by forest management and tree selection, but at larger scales, environmental cues and host resource traits are the most prevalent forces.

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Acid and calcareous soils affect nitrogen nutrition and organic nitrogen uptake by beech seedlings (Fagus sylvatica L.) under drought, and their ectomycorrhizal community structure

Cited by 22 publications

References 68 publications

Root exudation of mature beech forests across a nutrient availability gradient: the role of root morphology and fungal activity

Root exudation of mature beech forests across a nutrient availability gradient: the role of root morphology and fungal activity

Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity increases phosphorus uptake efficiency of European beech

Assembly processes of trophic guilds in the root mycobiome of temperate forests

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