Acid-Fast Staining Revisited, a Dated but Versatile Means of Diagnosis

Prakoeswa, Flora Ramona Sigit; Rumondor, Bayu Bijaksana; Prakoeswa, Cita Rosita Sigit

doi:10.2174/18742858-v16-e2206081

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Chronic bacterial infection known as Leprosy, sometimes known as Hansen’s disease, is caused by a gram-positive obligate and acid-fast bacilli that lives inside cells and attracts phagocytes in peripheral nerves and Schwann cells in the skin called Mycobacterium leprae ( M. leprae ) ( Chen et al, 2022 ). It possesses a characteristic known as acid-fastness, which enables it to resist color fading induced by acid during staining processes, causing it to appear red when observed under a microscope ( Prakoeswa, Rumondor & Prakoeswa, 2022 ). Mycobacterium leprae usually targets skin and peripheral nerves leading to neuropathy, persistent abnormality, and impairment ( Alinda et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of CXCL10 as a biomarker for immunological response among patients with leprosy: a systematic literature review

Prakoeswa,

Haningtyas,

Dewi

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Introduction Involvement of a chemokine known as C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 or CXCL10 in the immunopathology of leprosy has emerged as a possible immunological marker for leprosy diagnosis and needed to be investigate further. The purpose of this systematic review is to assess CXCL10’s potential utility as a leprosy diagnostic tool and evaluation of therapy. Methods This systematic review is based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020. A thorough search was carried out to find relevant studies only in English and limited in humans published up until September 2023 using PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library database with keywords based on medical subject headings (MeSH) and no exclusion criteria. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was utilized for quality assessment, while the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS) was utilized for assessing the risk of bias. Additionally, a narrative synthesis was conducted to provide a comprehensive review of the results. Results We collected a total of 115 studies using defined keywords and 82 studies were eliminated after titles and abstracts were screened. We assessed the eligibility of the remaining 26 reports in full text and excluded four studies due to inappropriate study design and two studies with incomplete outcome data. There were twenty included studies in total with total of 2.525 samples. The included studies received NOS quality evaluation scores ranging from 6 to 8. The majority of items in the risk bias assessment, using RoBANS, across all included studies yielded low scores. However, certain items related to the selection of participants and confounding variables showed variations. Most of studies indicate that CXCL10 may be a helpful immunological marker for leprosy diagnosis, particularly in leprosy reactions as stated in seven studies. The results are better when paired with other immunological markers. Its effectiveness in field-friendly diagnostic tools makes it one of the potential biomarkers used in diagnosing leprosy patients. Additionally, CXCL10 may be utilized to assess the efficacy of multidrug therapy (MDT) in leprosy patients as stated in three studies. Conclusion The results presented in this systematic review supports the importance of CXCL10 in leprosy diagnosis, particularly in leprosy responses and in tracking the efficacy of MDT therapy. Using CXCL10 in clinical settings might help with leprosy early diagnosis. Yet the findings are heterogenous, thus more investigation is required to determine the roles of CXCL10 in leprosy while taking into account for additional confounding variables.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of CXCL10 as a biomarker for immunological response among patients with leprosy: a systematic literature review

Prakoeswa,

Haningtyas,

Dewi

et al. 2024

PeerJ

Self Cite

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The role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as an immunological marker for patients with leprosy: a systematic literature review

Prakoeswa,

Handoko,

Risanti

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Leprosy, a significant global health concern affecting primarily the peripheral nerves and integumentary system, is influenced by the host immune system’s response, affecting its pathology, disease progression, and reaction occurrence. MCP-1, integral to leprosy’s immunological processes, holds promise as a diagnostic tool and predictor of reaction occurrence. This systematic review aimed to investigate MCP-1’s involvement in leprosy. Literature search, employing specified MeSH keywords, covered databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Wiley Online Library until September 30th, 2023, yielding seventeen relevant studies. Assessing each study’s quality with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and investigating bias using the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS), a narrative synthesis compiled findings. Seventeen distinct studies were included, each characterized by diverse designs, sample sizes, demographics, and outcome measures, highlighting MCP-1’s potential in diagnosing leprosy, differentiating it from control groups, and discerning leprosy types. Furthermore, MCP-1 shows promise in predicting leprosy reversal reactions. Although MCP-1 offers clinical benefits, including early diagnosis and type differentiation, further research with larger sample sizes and standardized methodologies is imperative to confirm its diagnostic utility fully.

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Acid-Fast Staining Revisited, a Dated but Versatile Means of Diagnosis

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

The role of CXCL10 as a biomarker for immunological response among patients with leprosy: a systematic literature review

The role of CXCL10 as a biomarker for immunological response among patients with leprosy: a systematic literature review

The role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as an immunological marker for patients with leprosy: a systematic literature review

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