Acid leaching of indium from the screens of obsolete LCD monitors

Gabriel, Adjanara P.; Kasper, Angela Cristina; Veit, Hugo Marcelo

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2020.103758

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Consistent with our observation, Drzazga et al also recommended increasing the treatment time at lower temperatures to increase indium leachability . A similar study by Gabriel et al led to recovery of 295 mg indium/kg LCDs using 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 (1:100 solid/liquid ratio) at room temperature after 2 hours of extraction.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Four replicates of each slurry were prepared. Chemical extraction was partially adapted from methods proposed by Gabriel et al E-waste slurries were stirred either at 80 °C for 2 h on a hot plate stirrer (Four E’s scientific MI0102003) or at room temperature for 24 h on a stirrer (SciLogex MS-M-S10). The indium concentration in the leachate was analyzed by ICP-MS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogenic Synthesis of Self-Incorporated Indium Graphitic Composites from Electronic Waste Using Eleocharis acicularis

Upadhyay

Alimohammadi

Aken

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Phytoextraction uses plants to accumulate valuable elements into their biomass from soil or water. The hyperaccumulator plant Eleocharis acicularis was used to extract indium, a strategic element, from end-of-life liquid crystal display (LCD) waste. Plants were exposed to 300 and 600 mg indium/L indium tin oxide (ITO) solutions at pH 5 for 15 days. Indium biomass accumulation levels were 58.9 ± 0.0 and 122.4 ± 13.8 mg indium/g dry weight, respectively. To simulate real-world e-waste phytomining, plants were exposed to a suspension with 800 g LCD particles/L at pH 3. Indium uptake after 15 days of exposure was 52.8 ± 0.9 mg indium/g biomass dry weight. Additionally, E. acicularis tolerated high acidity and salinity (up to 20 g salt/L and pH 3), making it a good candidate for metal phytoextraction from e-waste. The resulting indium-containing biomass was then submitted to pyrolysis, which produced a layered graphite-like material containing dispersed indium and characterized by higher electrical conductivity (1.47 ± 0.45 S/m) than commercial graphite under similar conditions. Our results showed for the first time that E. acicularis is efficient in the extraction of indium from e-waste and that indium-exposed biomass can be used as a precursor for production of high-value metal graphite biocomposites.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic Synthesis of Self-Incorporated Indium Graphitic Composites from Electronic Waste Using Eleocharis acicularis

Upadhyay

Alimohammadi

Aken

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Strong acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and mixed strong acids are commonly utilized for the purpose of dissolving indium, gallium, and germanium from EoL products into solution via an acidolysis process (Chen et al, 2018b;Gabriel et al, 2020;Hu et al, 2014;Maarefvand et al, 2020). Furthermore, the addition of catalysts such as oxidants like MnO2…”

Section: Kinetic Studies Of the Leaching Stepmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since acetone is considered toxic, the polarizing films can be removed manually, but this task is time-consuming (Li et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2017). It may not be necessary to remove the polarizing films prior to hydrometallurgical leaching (Assefi et al, 2018;Gabriel et al, 2020;Upadhyay et al, 2021).…”

Section: Removing Polarizing Films and Liquid Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comminution methods of spent LCD panels reported in the literature over the last decade are described in Table 4. In general, LCD panels are manually crushed to produce small pieces (3-5 cm) that are easily ground into powder by mills (Gabriel et al, 2018(Gabriel et al, , 2020Jowkar et al, 2018). The traditional method is ball milling, which has been studied by many researchers who have investigated different parameters such as temperature and grinding time (Dhiman & Gupta, 2020;Ferella et al, 2016;Gabriel et al, 2020;Jowkar et al, 2018;Silveira et al, 2015;Yen et al 2016).…”

Section: Comminution Of Lcd Panels To Obtain Powder Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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