Acid leaching of LiCoO2 enhanced by reducing agent. Model formulation and validation

Cerrillo-González, María del Mar; Villén-Guzmán, María; Rodríguez‐Maroto, José Miguel; Paz‐Garcia, Juan Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132020

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The detailed process is shown in Scheme 1. As reported, 19,40 the mole ratio of Li to Co (Li/Co) is usually higher than unity. In this work, Li/Co for dcPEG is also beyond unity at the relatively low temperature (Figure S8).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Green and Efficient Solvent for Simultaneously Leaching Co and Li from Spent Li-Ion Batteries: Dicarboxylated Polyethylene Glycol

Xiong,

Kan,

Xie

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Recovery of high-valued metals such as Li and Co from spent Li-ion batteries is quite important for sustainability reasons. The novelty of this work was based on the view of molecular design, proposing a strategy that inserts another group between two −COOH groups on an organic acid to activate them. On this basis, a novel solvent dicarboxylated polyethylene glycol (dcPEG), i.e., HOOC–CH2(CH2CH2O) n CH2–COOH, was chosen to leach Li and Co from LiCoO2. Expectedly, HOOC–CH2(CH2CH2O) n CH2–COOH (n = 250), which was denoted as dcPEG250, showed appealing leaching performance without the help of H2O2 and quaternary ammonium salt. It can simultaneously extract Co and Li, and the leaching efficiency reached as high as almost 100% under the proper conditions. The excellent performance was ascribed to structural feature of dcPEG. The presence of main chain (CH2CH2O) n extended the distance between two −COOH groups at the ends, limited their intramolecular interaction, and activated the −COOH groups. Accordingly, the active H atom on the −COOH group can react with LiCoO2, and the active O atoms on ether (C–O–C) and carbonyl (CO) groups can coordinate with metals. In a word, this work could not only provide a promising solvent but also inspire researchers to engineer more novel solvents from the view of molecular design.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Green and Efficient Solvent for Simultaneously Leaching Co and Li from Spent Li-Ion Batteries: Dicarboxylated Polyethylene Glycol

Xiong,

Kan,

Xie

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…[24][25][26] The leaching process of LCO with H 2 O 2 in the acidic medium can be summarized as follows. 27 LiCoO 2 + 3H + + 1/2H 2 O 2 $ Li + + Co 2+ + 2H 2 O + 1/2O 2 (1) The recovery of cobalt as Co(OH) 2 , CoCO 3 , and LCO during leaching has been the subject of numerous investigations published in the literature. 3,[28][29][30] A new technique for recycling LCO involves cobalt leaching and precipitation as cobalt sulfide, which can be utilized as a supercapacitor electrode material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24–26 The leaching process of LCO with H 2 O 2 in the acidic medium can be summarized as follows. 27 LiCoO 2 + 3H + + 1/2H 2 O 2 ⇄ Li + + Co 2+ + 2H 2 O + 1/2O 2 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of cobalt as CoS from spent Li-ion batteries and investigation of its use as an electrode material for supercapacitors

2023

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“…Conventional hydrometallurgical processing involves the leaching of Li and Co in both inorganic , and organic acids, − and recently, deep eutectic solvents (DES) are also reported. , A complex layered structure, and high valence of Co (+3) in the LCO substrate require expensive external reductants (such as H 2 O 2 and ascorbic acid), extended leaching time, , followed by solvent extraction or precipitation . Recently, a novel process of simultaneous leaching and precipitation of LCO as cobalt tartrate using tartaric acid and H 2 O 2 reductant has been reported .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the water leaching time (2 h) for the recovery of LiOH was very high, whereas the recovery of Li (43%) and Co (83%) was low. 16 Conventional hydrometallurgical processing involves the leaching of Li and Co in both inorganic 17,18 and organic acids, 19−21 and recently, deep eutectic solvents (DES) are also reported. 22,23 A complex layered structure, and high valence of Co (+3) in the LCO substrate require expensive external reductants (such as H 2 O 2 and ascorbic acid), extended leaching time, 24,25 itation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Hydrogen Reduction of LiCoO₂ Cathode Material for the Recovery of Li and Co Values

Bhandari

Dhawan

2022

Energy Fuels

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The massive availability of discarded LiCoO2 (LCO)-type batteries calls for inevitable metal recycling. Hydrogen reduction of retrieved cathode powder was investigated to recover Li and Co values selectively. A systematic experimental investigation with detailed characterization was conducted for the underlying reduction mechanism. Thermodynamic analysis and experimental evidence show that the stable layered LCO structure breaks to Co metal/oxides above 500 °C. The effect of temperature and time was studied, followed by water leaching for selective Li recovery. Magnetic separation was carried out on the leach residue, and 140 emu/g saturation magnetization of the magnetic fraction was found at 800 °C (60 min). A dissolution of 99% Co with 80% Li recovery was obtained at a lower reduction temperature (600 °C, 60 min) with a magnetic yield of 64%, followed by 2 M H2SO4 leaching. Reduction at a high temperature (800 °C) was beneficial for recovering metallic Co with a yield of 56% but with lower Li dissolution. HRTEM studies on reduced products reveal the complete reduction of the metallic Co phase and Li entrapment in the reduced powder. Overall, 52 g of lithium carbonate salt (Li2CO3 > 99%) and ∼380 g of a cobalt oxalate (>97%) precursor can be obtained from 1 kg of discarded batteries after hydrogen reduction at 600 °C. The proposed hydrogen reduction followed by magnetic separation is promising and sustainable for metal recovery from end-of-life batteries.

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Acid leaching of LiCoO2 enhanced by reducing agent. Model formulation and validation

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

A Green and Efficient Solvent for Simultaneously Leaching Co and Li from Spent Li-Ion Batteries: Dicarboxylated Polyethylene Glycol

A Green and Efficient Solvent for Simultaneously Leaching Co and Li from Spent Li-Ion Batteries: Dicarboxylated Polyethylene Glycol

Recovery of cobalt as CoS from spent Li-ion batteries and investigation of its use as an electrode material for supercapacitors

Investigation of Hydrogen Reduction of LiCoO₂ Cathode Material for the Recovery of Li and Co Values

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Acid leaching of LiCoO2 enhanced by reducing agent. Model formulation and validation

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

A Green and Efficient Solvent for Simultaneously Leaching Co and Li from Spent Li-Ion Batteries: Dicarboxylated Polyethylene Glycol

A Green and Efficient Solvent for Simultaneously Leaching Co and Li from Spent Li-Ion Batteries: Dicarboxylated Polyethylene Glycol

Recovery of cobalt as CoS from spent Li-ion batteries and investigation of its use as an electrode material for supercapacitors

Investigation of Hydrogen Reduction of LiCoO2 Cathode Material for the Recovery of Li and Co Values

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Investigation of Hydrogen Reduction of LiCoO₂ Cathode Material for the Recovery of Li and Co Values