Acid phosphatase activity and leaf phosphorus content in soybean cultivars

Abstract

The phosphate fertilization represents the most costly fraction of soybean crop production. Efficient soybean cultivars for P absorption and utilization in soils of medium available P are highly desirable and might contribute for increasing crop production potential. Thirty two soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars recommended for 'Cerrado' and differing in growth cycle (early, semi-early, semi-late, and late) were grown in a dystrophic Typic Haplustox Cerrado soil to evaluate the acid phosphatase activity, P content in the diagnostic leaf, and shoot biomass. There were differences among the soybean cultivars within all maturation groups in acid phosphatase activity and shoot biomass. The diagnostic-leaf P-content showed significant differences on semi-late and late maturation groups' cultivars. The acid phosphatase activity correlated positively with the plant shoot biomass from semi-early (r = 0.46) and late (r = 0.47) cultivars, and negatively (r = -0.40) with the P content in the diagnostic leaf of late maturation cultivars. The occurrence of soybean cultivars with high and low acid phosphatase activity within the same maturation groups indicates the existence of different mechanisms involving P mobilization in the soil and internal plant P remobilization. Key words: enzymatic activity, diagnostic-leaf, maturation group ATIVIDADE DA FOSFATASE ÁCIDA E CONCENTRAÇÃO FOLIAR DE FÓSFORO EM CULTIVARES DE SOJARESUMO: A adubação fosfatada corresponde à fração mais onerosa do custo de produção da cultura da soja. A obtenção de cultivares de soja eficientes na absorção e utilização de fósforo (P) em condição de média disponibilidade deste nutriente pode contribuir para aumentar o potencial produtivo da cultura. Trinta e dois cultivares de soja [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], de ciclo precoce, semiprecoce, semitardio e tardio, recomendados para o cerrado, foram cultivados em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico típico, do cerrado, objetivando avaliar a atividade da fosfatase ácida, concentração de P na folha diagnóstico e biomassa da parte aérea. Ocorreram diferenças entre os cultivares dentro de todos os ciclos de maturação na atividade da fosfatase ácida e na biomassa da parte aérea. Cultivares de ciclos semitardio e tardio apresentaram diferenças significativas quanto à concentração de fósforo na folha diagnóstico. A atividade da fosfatase ácida correlacionou-se positivamente com a biomassa da parte aérea nos cultivares dos ciclos semiprecoce (r = 0,46) e tardio (r = 0,47) e, negativamente (r = -0,40), com a concentração de P na folhadiagnóstico, nos cultivares do ciclo tardio. A ocorrência de cultivares de soja com alta e baixa atividade da fosfatase ácida dentro do mesmo ciclo de maturação sinalizam a existência de diferentes mecanismos envolvidos na mobilização de P no solo e remobilização interna deste nutriente na planta entre os grupos de cultivares. Palavras-chave: atividade enzimática, folha diagnóstico, ciclos de maturação

Quantification of bacterial non-specific acid ( phoC) and alkaline ( phoD ) phosphatase genes in bulk and rhizosphere soil from organically managed soybean fields

“…Previous studies have reported significant effects of P availability on soybean shoot biomass and P uptake (Raposo et al, 2004;Shujie and Yunfa, 2011;Wang et al, 2010), however we did not observe a significant relationship between soil labile P with root or shoot P uptake. Labile P values in the spring at four of the sites indicate low levels of P (24-42 mg P kg À1 ) but this was not reflected in the shoot and root weight or plant P concentrations.…”

Evaluation of groundnut genotypes for phosphorus efficiency through leaf acid phosphatase activity

“…Leaf acid phosphatase activity correlated negatively with P content in leaves (r = -0.73; Fig 5), which is similar to those reported for soybean in Brazil (Raposo et al 2004) and groundnut in India (Naga Madhuri et al 2017). The study also identified 3 groundnut genotypes that not only had low leaf acid phosphatase activity but also accumulated higher leaf P content.…”

Evaluation of common bean genotypes for phosphorus use efficiency in Eutrophic Oxisol

“…The lower concentration of P in leaves that received the highest level of P is due to the higher dry matter accumulation of leaves, thus diluting the concentration of the element in the total of leaves produced, a fact confirmed by the higher production of dry matter of leaves in the plots with the control level in relation to the plots treated with the restrictive level (Figure 1). For different soybean maturity groups grown in a RedYellow Distrophic Oxisol, with medium content of P, Raposo et al (2004) reported a negative relationship between P concentration in leaves and biomass produced, emphasizing the effect of nutrient dilution. P content in leaves was determined by the product of the leaf P concentration and dry matter of leaves, 2.78 and 3.42 g P, respectively, for plots with restrictive and control levels, that is, with a decrease of 18.71% in P content in the plots treated with restrictive level, confirming the greater accumulation of the nutrient in the leaves, accompanied by increased production of dry matter.…”