Acidic atmospheric deposition and canopy interactions of adjacent deciduous and coniferous forests in the Georgia Piedmont

Cappellato, Rosanna; Peters, Norman E.; Ragsdale, Harvey L.

doi:10.1139/x93-142

Cited by 52 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…P. massoniana seedlings showed significant reductions in growth and net photosynthetic rate in response to all SAR treatments. Liu also showed that photosynthetic rate of P. massoniana treated by SAR also decreased [28]. This was consistent with the finding of this study, both suggesting that P. massoniana is a sensitive species recommended for protection.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Differential Sensitivity of Growth and Net Photosynthetic Rates in Five Tree Species Seedlings under Simulated Acid Rain Stress

Tong¹,

Zhang²

2014

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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confidence: 90%

Differential Sensitivity of Growth and Net Photosynthetic Rates in Five Tree Species Seedlings under Simulated Acid Rain Stress

Tong¹,

Zhang²

2014

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…Leaves with a long narrow shape (needles) are according to Woodcock (1953in Smith 1981) more efficient in salt accumulation than circular ones. Nevertheless, during the growing season, higher DD fluxes to deciduous forests in comparison to coniferous forests have been observed (Cappellato et al 1993). The higher interception capacity can explain the significantly higher throughfall (+stemflow) deposition of N and S in coniferous forests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of forest type on throughfall deposition and seepage flux: a review

et al. 2007

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Converting deciduous forests to coniferous plantations and vice versa causes environmental changes, but till now insight into the overall effect is lacking. This review, based on 38 case studies, aims to find out how coniferous and deciduous forests differ in terms of throughfall (+stemflow) deposition and seepage flux to groundwater. From the comparison of coniferous and deciduous stands at comparable sites, it can be inferred that deciduous forests receive less N and S via throughfall (+stemflow) deposition on the forest floor. In regions with relatively low open field deposition of atmospheric N (<10 kg N ha(-1) year(-1)), lower NH(4)(+) mean throughfall (+stemflow) deposition was, however, reported under conifers compared to deciduous forest, while in regions with high atmospheric N pollution (>10 kg N ha(-1) year(-1)), the opposite could be concluded. The higher the open field deposition of NH(4)(+), the bigger the difference between the coniferous and deciduous throughfall (+stemflow) deposition. Furthermore, it can be concluded that canopy exchange of K(+), Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) is on average higher in deciduous stands. The significantly higher stand deposition flux of N and S in coniferous forests is reflected in a higher soil seepage flux of NO(3)(-), SO(4)(2-), K(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+) and Al(III). Considering a subset of papers for which all necessary data were available, a close relationship between throughfall (+stemflow) deposition and seepage was found for N, irrespective of the forest type, while this was not the case for S. This review shows that the higher input flux of N and S in coniferous forests clearly involves a higher seepage of NO(3)(-) and SO(4)(2-) and accompanying cations K(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+) and Al(III) into the groundwater, making this forest type more vulnerable to acidification and eutrophication compared to the deciduous forest type.

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“…For the chemical process in the canopy, it has been suggested that an ion exchange reaction between hydrogen ions and cations is an important neutralization mechanism for acid rain (Cappellato et al 1993;Macklon and Armstrong 1994). Therefore, the reverse ion exchange reaction between cations and hydrogen ions is a possible acidification mechanism.…”

Section: Origin Of Hydrogen Ionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion exchange reactions on the stem surface of Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc.

Takenaka

Sasama

2000

Trees

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In order to clarify the sources of soil acidification below stands of hinoki (Chamecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc.), artificial stemflow experiments were performed to separate out the role rainfall acidity has from that of the acidity potentially occurring during stemflow. Various solutions, including distilled water, NaCl, NH 4 Cl, KCl and CaCl 2 +MgCl 2 solutions, were added in a controlled manner to the upper stem and the solutions systematically collected at breast height. Although the original pH values of the salt solutions were around 5.5, the pH values of stemflow ranged from 3.8 to 4.2. The ion balance [anion (including bicarbonate ions) to cation concentration] decreased with initial stemflow but recovered after ca. 5 l of flow. At this point, pH values continued to decrease and this decrease was accompanied by a decrease in the cation concentration of the stemflow. These results indicate that there are two ways by which stemflow can be acidified. In the initial stage of flow, organic and inorganic acids are dissolved in the stemflow. Following this, ion exchange occurs between cations contained in the stemflow and hydrogen ions adsorbed in the stem. The last step appears most critical in the acidification process. Materials and methodsExperiments were performed in the Mie Prefecture Forestry Research Institute's experimental forest (34°40′N, 138°20′E; altitude: ca. 230 m) in central Japan. A 12-m tower was built in a 31-yearold hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc.) plantation. Two

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Acidic atmospheric deposition and canopy interactions of adjacent deciduous and coniferous forests in the Georgia Piedmont

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Differential Sensitivity of Growth and Net Photosynthetic Rates in Five Tree Species Seedlings under Simulated Acid Rain Stress

Differential Sensitivity of Growth and Net Photosynthetic Rates in Five Tree Species Seedlings under Simulated Acid Rain Stress

The effect of forest type on throughfall deposition and seepage flux: a review

Ion exchange reactions on the stem surface of Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc.

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