Acidification of Soil in a Dry Land Winter Wheat-sorghum/corn-fallow Rotation in the Semiarid U.S. Great Plains

Tarkalson, David D.; Payero, José O.; Hergert, Gary W.; Cassman, Kenneth G.

doi:10.1007/s11104-006-0027-y

Cited by 50 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In soils with a pH of 5.5 and below, Al becomes soluble and forms phytotoxic cations, Al(H 2 O) 6 3+ (also known as Al 3+ ) and Al(OH) 2 + , that are rapidly taken up by plant roots (Kinraide 1991(Kinraide , 1997). An estimated 30-50% of the world's potentially arable land is acidic and current agricultural practices, along with acid rain, are causing a rise in the rate of soil acidification (Tarkalson et al 2006;von Uexküll and Mutert 1995). Aluminum uptake by plant roots results in stunted root growth causing a decrease in the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil (Andersson 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum resistance mechanisms in oat (Avena sativa L.)

et al. 2011

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Background and aims Enhanced aluminum (Al) resistance has been observed in dicots over-expressing enzymes involved in organic acid synthesis; however, this approach for improving Al resistance has not been investigated in monocots. Among the cereals, oat (Avena sativa L.) is considered to be Al resistant, but the basis of resistance is not known. Methods A hydroponic assay and hematoxylin staining for Al accumulation in roots were used to evaluate Al resistance in 15 oat cultivars. Malate and citrate release from roots was measured over a 24 h period. A malate dehydrogenase gene, neMDH, from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was used to transform oat.Results Oat seedlings were highly resistant to Al, as a concentration of 325 μM AlK(SO 4 ) 2 was needed to cause a 50% decrease in root growth. Most oat cultivars tested are naturally resistant to high concentrations of Al and effectively excluded Al from roots. Al-dependent release of malate and Al-independent release of citrate was observed. Al resistance was enhanced in a transgenic oat line with the highest accumulation of neMDH protein. However, overall root growth of this line was reduced and expression of neMDH in transgenic oat did not enhance malate secretion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum resistance mechanisms in oat (Avena sativa L.)

et al. 2011

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“…The acidification can result in negative impacts on root metabolism and decrease plant growth and yields when soil pH falls to less than critical thresholds (<5.5 pH) [13,14]. The combined treatment of UV-B radiation and acid fog affected the highest level of decreases in the research of Paoletti et al [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The acidification can result in negative impact on root metabolism and decrease plant growth and yields when soil pH falls to less than critical thresholds (usually less than 5.5) which leads to increased activity of aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) [13,14]. Increased concentration of aluminium ions (Al 3+ ) in soil inhibits root elongation by disrupting the function of the plasma membrane, cell wall, Ca homeostasis and signal transduction pathways [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low UV-B radiation and substrate acidity impact on photosynthetic parameters of Brassica napus

Januškaitienė¹

2013

Biologija

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The aim of this study was to assess combined effect of 1 kJm -2 d -1UV-B radiation and substrate acidity (pH 4.8) on photosynthesis and growth of summer rape (Brassica napus) in a controlled environment. Rape were sown in a neutral (pH 6.0-6.5) peat substrate, when 2nd true leaf unfolded, growth substrate was acidified using 0.07 mM H 2 SO 4 concentration solution and UV-B radiation exposure was started. Duration of the experiment: five days. Gas exchange parameters were measured with portable photosynthesis system LI-6400. Content of chlorophyll was evaluated spectrophotometrically. The results showed that the highest inhibition on Brassica napus growth and photosynthetic parameters was under combined effect of 1 kJm -2 d -1 UV-B radiation and pH 4.8 substrate acidity. The impact of single 1 kJm -2 d -1 UV-B radiation on investigated parameters was low and statistically insignificant, except transpiration rate and water use efficiency. Single substrate acidity affected in 58.6% (p < 0.05) decrease in photosynthetic rate, almost twofold decrease of transpiration rate, and 3.8% (p < 0.05) decrease in intercellular CO 2 concentration, and 27.1% (p < 0.05) increase in water use efficiency, compared to the reference treatment. Combined substrate acidity and UV-B radiation effect on photosynthetic rate was the highest, when the decrease was 80.6% (p < 0.05), compared to the reference treatment. The changes of transpiration rate under combined effect of investigated stressors compared to the reference treatment were insignificant (p > 0.05). The increase (by 2%, p < 0.05) of intercellular CO 2 concentration of Brassica napus affected by combined impact of investigated stressors shows that higher negative impact was on enzymatic reactions of photosynthesis than on transpiration. The highest negative effect on content of photosynthetic pigments and biomass accumulation also was of combined effect of investigated stressors.

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“…Applying organic fertilizer caused an increase in soil pH; this was due to input of large amounts of Ca and the buffering effects of organic matter with carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups (Eghball 2002;Sharpley et al 2004). However, the application of chemical N fertilizer (urea) resulted in a significant lowering of the soil pH, which could have resulted from the acidification effect of urea during its transformation in the soil (Kemmitt et al 2006;Tarkalson et al 2006). Soil organic C is crucial to soil quality and to the regulation of many soil functions (Piccolo 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%